C. 엘레간스 시뮬레이션: 인간 시뮬레이션의 잠재력

### OpenWorm: 세계 최초의 가상 유기체 시뮬레이션과 시뮬레이션 이론에 대한 시사점
* OpenWorm은 모든 뉴런을 매핑하고 그 동작을 시뮬레이션하여 **세계 최초로 컴퓨터에서 전체 유기체인 C. Elegans 선충**을 만드는 데 전념하는 오픈 소스 프로젝트입니다.
* 🤯 **302개의 뉴런으로 이 작은 벌레를 시뮬레이션**할 수 있다면, **인간을 완전히 시뮬레이션할 수 있을 정도로 확장**할 수 있습니다.
* 302개의 뉴런을 가진 작고 투명한 벌레인 C. elegans 선충은 **전체 게놈 염기서열이 밝혀진 최초의 다세포 유기체**입니다.
* 💻 시뮬레이션은 일련의 방정식을 계산하여 시간에 따른 뉴런의 막 전위 변화를 판독함으로써 **웜의 행동을 예측**합니다.
* 🤔 닉 보스트롬이 제안한 시뮬레이션 이론에 따르면 우리는 **거의 확실하게 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 속에 살고 있으며, 구별할 수 없는 시뮬레이션 현실**을 만드는 방향으로 기술이 급속도로 발전하고 있습니다.
* 🧠 "우주가 정말 무한하고 무한한 가능성이 존재한다면 **이 말이 틀렸다는 것을 증명하는 것**이나 마찬가지입니다."
* 860억 개의 뉴런을 가진 인간을 시뮬레이션하려면 엄청난 컴퓨팅 성능이 필요하지만, **양자 컴퓨팅의 등장**으로 가능해질 수 있습니다.
* 📺 TV 프로그램 '개발자들'은 **시뮬레이션 이론의 개념**을 탐구하는 프로그램으로, 이 주제에 관심이 있는 분이라면 흥미롭게 시청할 수 있습니다.

오픈웜은 C. 엘레간스 선충의 행동을 시뮬레이션하는 오픈소스 프로젝트로, 시뮬레이션 이론의 타당성에 대한 의문을 제기합니다.

this worm is real, but it is 100% simulated. Does this prove simulation Theory? And here's the weird thing: you can run this entire simulation directly on your own computer. This stuff is absolutely mind-blowing, and I'm going to break it all down for you, and by the end, you might be questioning your own reality. So here is the OpenWorm website, and the whole thing is really weird, to be honest, but it's really cool. So first, let me just break down the basics. OpenWorm is an open-source project and open science community dedicated to creating the world's first whole organism in a computer, a C. Elegans nematode, via bottom-up systems biology computational modeling. If you don't know what any of that is, don't worry, neither did I, but here's the gist: our main goal is to build the world's first virtual organism and in silico implementation of a living creature for the purpose of achieving an understanding of the events and mechanisms of living cells. So basically what they did was they were

able to map this very basic organism down to every single neuron within it. So, once you do that, you're actually able to predict exactly how it's going to react in any environment. Now let me blow your mind for a second. If we're able to do this, and granted, it takes a lot of compute power to simulate this tiny worm, if we scale up to human level, we might be able to actually simulate humans completely. So, the C. elegans is a small and transparent nematode, a worm. It's about 1 mm in length. It lives in soil, and particularly in temperate regions, and it's actually a really popular organism to study because of its simplistic properties. Its lifespan is about 2 to 3 weeks, and it contains 302 neurons. Now, that's the key. With 302 neurons, we are able to simulate every single one of them and how it's going to react. We have mapped out this organism to a T. It is the first multicellular organism to have its entire genome sequenced. Now, check this.

out on browser. open.org, we can actually see it completely. Watch this, we can see every single element of this nematode. How cool is this? I believe that's probably its stomach, maybe. And so, you can play around with this yourself. It's free, check it out. But we have mapped this organism exactly, and with that, we can simulate it exactly. All right, and let me take a step back for a second. You might be asking yourself, what is simulation Theory? Let me read a little bit about it from Rochester edu. So, 20 years ago from today, and this was published about eight months ago, Oxford philosopher Nick Bostrom first proposed the argument that we are almost certainly living in a computer simulation. We, being humans, everything around us is just a simulation on someone else's computer, introducing several topics of intellectual debates, many of which are still going on today. So, think about this. Look how quickly technology has advanced, even in the last 10 years, even in the last 50 years. Technology is advancing at such a rapid clip, and specifically artificial

intelligence, virtual reality, all of these things that could potentially one day simulate the entire world easily and to the point where humans won't be able to tell the difference between what is reality and what is simulated reality. And if that is the direction the world is headed, what's to say that it hasn't already happened? If it's going to happen, it probably already did happen, and we're all living in a simulation right now. There's this guy who's in a kind of virtual world, and he finds out that there's a real world, and he's really questioning what's real and not real, and he really wants to know what's real. And the young girl was like, Why? And I was like, What do you mean? She was like, Who cares if it's real? And of course, there are plenty of articles, plenty of studies debunking simulation theory. Here's one of them from bigthink.com: According to the simulation hypothesis, everything we experienced was coded by an intelligent being, and we are part of that computer code that we live in some kind of

computation, in and by itself, is not unscientific. For all we currently know, the laws of nature are mathematical, so you could say the universe is really just computing those laws, and that makes a ton of sense, at least to me. Here, the article says Elon Musk is among those who have bought into it. He too has said it's most likely we're in a simulation, and even Neil deGrasse Tyson gave the simulation hypothesis better than 50/50 odds of being correct. But here is how they debunk it: If there are many civilizations that run many simulations of conscious beings, then you are likely to be simulated. First of all, it could be that one or both of the premises is wrong. Maybe there aren't any other civilizations, or they aren't interested in simulations. Now, if the universe is truly infinite and infinite possibilities are out there, that pretty much proves this to be false. If there are infinite possibilities, there are definitely other civilizations, and if there are infinite other civilizations, at least one of them is interested in

simulation, and here they say he just assumes. He, being Bostrom, it is possible to simulate human-like consciousness. We don't actually know if this is possible, but it seems like we're getting quite close to that with artificial intelligence. And if the scaling laws prevail, which they tend to always do, we will reach human-level consciousness with artificial intelligence. So let's read a little bit more about our very special worm that we can simulate. By far, are the most understood and studied animals with a brain in all of biology. It is the first multicellular organism to have its genome mapped. It has only 1,000 cells and exactly 302 neurons, which have also been mapped, as well as its wiring diagram, making it also the first organism to have a complete connectome produced. And what does it do? Well, it can find food, it mates, it avoids toxins and predators, it lays eggs, and it crawls. And there are a bunch of different crawling motions. Another question is if the virtual organism lays eggs, is that also

a new virtual organism or is fertilization not the goal. So currently, the project does not have fertilization, egg laying, or development in its capacity, but they might be able to do that in the future. And then at that point, we have an entire civilization of these worms. And so, how does it actually act like a worm? How does it know with these neurons, with these cells, how to actually behave like a worm? The logic, quote unquote logic part, comes from the dynamics of the neurons interacting with each other. It is a little unintuitive, but that's how it makes up how it thinks. We are simulating those dynamics as well as we can, rather than instructing it what to do when. So again, if we are able to break everything down into the individual cells and neurons, and then simply by just modeling them, we can produce behavior that we thought was going to happen in the worm. Why can't we do that for humans if we have enough compute power? And so, how does it actually simulate their neurons? So it calculates a system of equations to

produce a readout of the changing membrane potential of a neuron over time. Some simulators enable ION channel Dynamics to be included and enable neurons to be described in detail in space. So, basically, they're just predicting how it's going to behave. Inputs equals outputs. So, what if simulation Theory were real? What would it take to actually simulate a human and then from there a civilization of humans and even beyond that? What about every single atom in the entire world and then Universe? It would take massive computing power. Here's a way to think about it. This worm has 302 neurons, and we can simulate it. I am running it on an absolute monster of a PC, and it took a while, a couple of hours, to fully simulate about 23 seconds of that worm behaving. Humans have 86 billion neurons, so imagine the compute power necessary for that. Then we start to think, okay, what if we had Quantum Computing, which we kind of do. We have the very beginnings of quantum Computing, but if quantum Computing were actually solved and

really usable then we might actually be able to compute the entire world. And here's the thing, there was this show devs which I loved. It was one season only and it is exactly about this topic. So if you're into this stuff, check out that show. I loved it. So that's it. I got it up and running on my computer completely locally. I have the code. It's open source. I'll link everything in the description below. And at the end of all of this, it's going to give me another fully simulated worm. If you want to see me do a full tutorial on how to get this up and running, let me know in the comments. If you enjoyed this video, please consider giving a like and subscribe. And I'll see you in the next one.

Does This Worm Prove We're In a Computer Simulation? 🤯

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Matthew Berman

OpenWorm은 302개의 뉴런을 하나하나 매핑하여 세계 최초로 컴퓨터로 전체 유기체, 특히 C.

Elegans 선충을 생성하는 프로젝트입니다.

이 시뮬레이션은 벌레의 행동을 이해할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 인간을 더 큰 규모로 시뮬레이션할 수 있는 가능성을 높여줍니다.

단순한 특성과 완전한 게놈 서열을 가진 C.

엘레간스 선충은 이 획기적인 시뮌레이션의 핵심 모델 역할을 합니다.

특히 인공 지능과 가상 현실 등 기술의 발전은 우리가 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 속에 살고 있는 것은 아닌지에 대한 논쟁을 촉발시켰습니다.

옥스퍼드 철학자 닉 보스트롬이 처음 제안한 이 이론은 기술의 급속한 발전으로 인해 실제 현실과 구별할 수 없는 시뮬레이션 현실을 만들 수 있다는 것입니다.

이 가설에 대한 지적 논쟁에도 불구하고 시뮬레이션 가설을 반박하는 연구와 논문도 많이 있습니다.

계산과 우주에 대한 과학적 논쟁

엘론 머스크와 닐 드그래스 타이슨은 시뮬레이션 가설을 믿지만, 무한한 문명의 가능성과 우주의 무한한 가능성으로 인해 이 가설은 반박되고 있습니다.

인간과 같은 의식을 시뮬레이션할 수 있는 가능성은 인공지능의 발전으로 인해 더욱 커지고 있으며, 뇌를 가진 유기체 중 가장 잘 이해되고 있는 벌레에 대한 연구가 이러한 이해에 기여하고 있습니다.

웜의 행동과 능력은 의식 시뮬레이션에 관한 논쟁에서 중요한 초점이 되고 있습니다.

웜의 뉴런 역학 시뮬레이션과 인간 시뮬레이션의 가능성

한 프로젝트에서는 뉴런 상호 작용을 기반으로 벌레의 행동을 시뮬레이션하고 있으며, 향후 수정 및 산란 시뮬레이션의 가능성을 염두에 두고 있습니다.

이 시뮬레이션에는 시간에 따른 뉴런 막 전위를 계산하는 작업이 포함되며, 302개의 뉴런을 가진 벌레를 시뮬레이션하는 문제에서 알 수 있듯이 막대한 컴퓨팅 성능이 필요합니다.

인류 문명을 시뮬레이션하고 그 이상을 시뮬레이션하려면 양자 컴퓨팅을 포함한 컴퓨팅 성능의 비약적인 발전이 필요합니다.

쇼 '개발자'가 시뮬레이션 웜에 미치는 영향

"Devs" 쇼는 세계 시뮬레이션의 개념을 탐구하는 한 시즌짜리 시리즈입니다.

이 시뮬레이션의 코드는 오픈 소스로 제공되며 컴퓨터에서 로컬로 실행할 수 있습니다.

이 쇼는 완전한 시뮬레이션 웜의 제작에 영감을 주었으며, 향후 시뮬레이션 실행 방법에 대한 튜토리얼도 제작될 예정입니다.