행복의 과학: 감정, 즐거움, 의미

### 행복의 과학: 감정을 넘어 진정한 웰빙으로 나아가기: 행복에 대한 과학적 연구
* 😊 "행복은 감정이 아닙니다. **칠면조 냄새가 추수감사절 저녁 식사의 증거**인 것처럼 감정은 행복의 증거입니다."
* 🧠 부정적인 감정은 **위협을, 긍정적인 감정은 기회**를 알리는 신호로, 감정은 생존에 매우 중요한 역할을 합니다.
* 🌟 웰빙의 세 가지 요소는 **즐거움, 만족감, 의미**이며, 즐거움은 **단순한 즐거움 그 이상**입니다.
* 🏆 만족은 무언가를 위해 노력하고 성취할 때 얻어지는 반면, **의미는 장기적인 행복**을 위해 필수적입니다.
* 💰 고대 철학자들은 세속적인 보상을 돈, 권력, 쾌락, 명예로 분류했지만 현대 과학은 **신앙, 가족, 우정, 봉사**를 기반으로 한 일이 행복에 더 중요하다고 말합니다.
* 👨 가족 관계, 진정한 우정, 타인을 위해 봉사하는 일은 **지속적인 행복**을 위해 매우 중요합니다.
* 🛤 "행복은 목적지가 아닙니다. **행복은 방향**입니다. 더 행복해지려면 **지식과 노력이 필요**합니다. **습관을 바꿔야 합니다.**"
* 🔍 진정으로 행복해지려면 일시적인 감정을 넘어 **의미와 목적, 강력한 사회적 관계**를 갖춘 삶을 구축하는 데 집중해야 합니다.

행복은 감정이 아니라 신앙, 가족, 친구, 일을 통해 발견하는 삶의 즐거움, 만족감, 의미입니다.

- One of the biggest mistakes that people make is confusing happiness and feelings of happiness. Happiness is the feeling I get when I'm with the people that I love. Or happiness is how I feel when I'm doing what I enjoy. And I say, That's beautiful. That's great! That's wrong. Happiness isn't a feeling. Feelings are evidence of happiness, like the smell of your turkey is evidence of your Thanksgiving dinner. And that's incredibly good news for everybody because there's all kinds of reasons that you shouldn't just have happy feelings. It's normal that you have negative emotions every single day. And if you didn't, you'd probably be dead in about a week. But if we really want to get at the phenomenon that's creating the feelings, we need to go underneath those emotions and find out what's actually driving them in the first place. I'm Arthur Brooks. I'm an author and a professor, and I specialize in the science of happiness.

People talk a lot about bad
feelings and good feelings, and that's a complete
misunderstanding of emotion itself. Emotion is nothing more than information about the outside world. When there's something outside
of you that's a threat, we have negative emotions. Fear, anger, sadness, disgust, and those are incredibly important. They keep us alive, they tell us there's a threat. And when there's something
that's an opportunity for us, something that's lovely, something that we really
want in our lives, then we have positive emotions of joy and interest or surprise. But we can't classify them as bad or good. We really could, I guess, classify them as all good because we need them all
and they keep us alive. I've looked at data on
millions of individuals who have the highest levels of well-being, and they all have three elements
in common in their lives: Enjoyment, satisfaction, and meaning. Now, enjoyment is something

that people think they understand, but often don't. They mistake it for pleasure. Pleasure is kind of an animal phenomenon. It's a signal like any other feeling that something can give you calories or mates that can help you survive and pass on your genes. It's not something that actually leads to happiness. Enjoyment is more complex than that, and it's experienced in the prefrontal cortex of the brain, the executive center of the brain. Enjoyment is pleasure, plus people, plus memory. That's the reason a beer company doesn't have a commercial with a guy pounding a 12-pack in his apartment by himself. The second macronutrient of happiness is satisfaction. Satisfaction is a real mystery because it's the joy we get after we struggle for something. And if we don't struggle enough, it's not sweet. My students, they could cheat to get an A on my exam,

but if they did, it would
give them no satisfaction. Last but not least is meaning. I can go a long time without satisfaction and even enjoyment. I'm a pretty self-disciplined person. But I can't go an hour
without meaning and be happy, and neither can you. What's the meaning of life? That's a big question, and it's really three sub-questions. We call them coherence,
significance, and purpose. Coherence is Why do things
happen the way they do? Significance is Why does
it matter that I'm alive? And purpose is What's the direction and goals involved in my life? And if you have answers
to those questions, you have meaning. But if you don't have answers, or you don't have good answers
to your own satisfaction, that's what you need to go looking for. Ancient philosophers, really starting with Aristotle, but most importantly Thomas Aquinas in the 13th century.

classified the worldly
rewards that we crave so much into four categories: Money, power, pleasure, and fame. There's a ton of scientific
literature out there that says that Thomas Aquinas and Aristotle, and everybody else in-between,
was spot on the money. If those are not the
things that you should try to accumulate, what
should you be going after? Not money, power, pleasure, and fame. It's faith, family, friendship, and work that serves others. Now, when I say faith, I have to be a little bit careful because people could misinterpret that. They could think it's some
specific religious faith. There are many ways where
people can find the peace and perspective they need in life: Philosophy or meditation, or walking in nature without devices, or studying the fugues
of Johann Sebastian Bach, but you need to stand in awe
of something bigger than you, and that's the first category. Second is family life.

We've evolved as a kin-based species. We have to know our own and take care of them,
even if we don't like them. And if you pass on those relationships, if you neglect those relationships, if you create a schism
in those relationships, you've sacrificed your happiness. Third is friendship. Real friendship takes time. People my age will say, I
don't have time to keep up with my high school buddies. I'll say, You can't afford not to, man. Now, that doesn't mean
you have to have 100, but it means you have
to have more than one and certainly more than your spouse. Last but not least is work. And that does not mean
over-indexing on work, and working all day and all night. It turns out there's
only two things from work that bring true joy: Earned success and service to others. Earned success is creating
value with your life for your hard work that's
acknowledged and recognized.

That's why merit is so important. Second is serving others. Even if you're working in a workplace where you don't know the point of your work, but you're doing something that lessens the load for the person in the next cubicle, then it can be a source of real satisfaction for you. So those are the four- that's your happiness pension plan. Faith, family, friends, and work. Pursue those things and you're pursuing happiness. And this is the big point: Happiness is not a destination. Happiness is a direction. Getting happier requires knowledge and work. It requires changing your habits. And you can, and that's the good news.

Understand these 4 key concepts for a happier life | Arthur Brooks

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행복은 단순한 감정이 아니라 삶의 즐거움, 만족감, 의미의 조합이지만 종종 오해를 받기도 합니다.

감정은 부정적이든 긍정적이든 외부 세계에 대한 정보를 제공하고 생존에 필요하기 때문에 매우 중요합니다.

행복 과학을 전문으로 연구하는 작가이자 교수인 아서 브룩스는 행복을 이끌어내는 감정의 역할을 인식하는 것이 중요하다고 강조합니다.

쾌락은 생존을 위한 신호인 반면, 즐거움은 전전두엽 피질과 관련된 보다 복잡한 경험입니다.

만족은 무언가를 위해 노력하는 데서 오는 것으로, 행복을 위해 필수적인 요소입니다.

일관성, 중요성, 목적을 포함한 의미는 진정한 행복을 위해 매우 중요하며 무시할 수 없는 요소입니다.

과학적 문헌은 돈, 권력, 쾌락, 명예를 추구하는 것이 성취의 열쇠가 아니라는 생각을 뒷받침합니다.

그 대신 인생에 필요한 평화와 관점을 제공할 수 있는 신앙, 가족, 우정, 타인을 위해 봉사하는 일에 초점을 맞춰야 합니다.

이 네 가지 범주에는 자신보다 더 위대한 것에서 경외감을 찾고, 가족 관계를 가꾸고, 진정한 우정에 시간을 투자하고, 일에서 얻은 성공과 타인을 위한 봉사를 통해 진정한 기쁨을 얻는 것이 포함됩니다.

행복의 열쇠: 목적지가 아닌 방향

직장에서의 개인적 만족을 위해서는 공로를 인정받고 타인을 위해 봉사하는 것이 중요합니다.

행복은 신앙, 가족, 친구, 의미 있는 일을 통해 찾을 수 있으며, 이를 위해서는 노력과 습관의 변화가 필요합니다.

궁극적으로 행복은 지속적인 학습과 행동이 요구되는 여정입니다.