Spotify 마스터링: LUFS 및 트루 피크 요구 사항 이해하기

### Spotify 마스터링 가이드라인: LUFS, 트루 피크 및 샘플 레이트
* 🔊 Spotify에서는 스트리밍 시 목표 음량을 **"-14 LUFS"**로 권장하지만 필수는 아닙니다. 더 크게 하려면 **'실제 피크'를 '-2'**로 설정하여 천장을 넘는 피크를 방지하세요.
* 🎚 아티스트는 평균 **"-8에서 -7 LUFS"** 정도로 앨범을 "믹싱"했으며, 일부 트랙은 **6점대 초반**을 기록하기도 하고 때로는 **"-14"까지 내려가기도** 했습니다.
* 🎯 "-14 LUFS" 이상으로 마스터링하는 경우, **Spotify의 "-2 True Peak" 가이드 라인**은 포맷 변환 중 피크 레벨 문제를 방지하는 데 도움이 됩니다.
* 🔒 오디오가 설정된 한도 내에서 유지되도록 하려면 한도를 초과하는 것보다 **'실제 피크 제한'**을 사용하는 것이 좋습니다.
* 🎧 아티스트는 **"모든 트랙에 대해 유사한 마스터 체인"**을 사용했으며, 마지막 플러그인으로 **"Pro L2 리미터"**를 추가하고 **"True Peak"를 "-2"**로 설정했습니다.
* 🎵 '48k 또는 96k' 및 '32비트'로 작업하는 경우, 변환 단계를 피하기 위해 Spotify에 전송하기 전에 **'24비트로 디더링'**하고 **'샘플 레이트를 44.1로 설정'**하는 것이 좋습니다.

Spotify 마스터링의 경우, 음질 저하를 방지하고 일관된 음질을 보장하기 위해 마이너스 14 LUFS, 실제 피크는 마이너스 2를 목표로 합니다.

mastering for Spotify. Let's talk about it for a minute. A lot of people ask me, What LUFS should I send my mixes off to to go on streaming? How loud should I make my mixes? What LUFS should I do? Negative 14 LUFS? Or should I do lower than negative 14? Or higher than negative 14? What software do I use to measure LUFS? What if I submit a mix that's negative 7 LUFS or negative 10 LUFS? What should I set my true peak to? I will tell you guys, I finished my album and it's mastered and ready to be delivered. I'm just waiting on the cover art. I decided after thinking about this a lot and trying a lot of different things that negative 14 LUFS is generally for the style of music I do and what I'm going for. It's not for me. All love to every engineer who decides to do a negative 14 LUFS. I found that for what I'm going for, that's not for me.

because i tend to like to distort my drums, I tend to like to do things that lufs will penalize. To answer the question, if you submit a mix that's louder than negative 14 lufs or whatever that streaming site defaults to, if you do that, the reality is you are going to be turned down and penalized by that streaming site. So here's something that is not out there. It's hard to find this information, but I was searching on Spotify's website or some document that Spotify put out, and what they said is their target is negative 14 lufs. If you choose to mix louder than negative 14 lufs, here's what you need to do: make sure that if you mix louder than negative 14 lufs, that you leave a headroom of negative two true peak. I mixed my album. The album's called What's Your Superpower. I decided that when I went to master it, it averages between negative eight and negative seven lufs every track. Sometimes it hits the

low sixes. Sometimes it'll go down to negative 14 or whatever, but short term, it's going around negative 7, negative 8. That's the range. Sometimes negative 8.5, sometimes negative 6.8, you know, but it's in that range most of the time. So I finished it, and I set the ceiling to negative point three true peak, but then I learned that it should be negative two true peak. So what I did was I went to all the masters, and I set the true peak at negative two. So Spotify themselves said this: if you mix louder than negative 14 LUFS, if you decide to do that, that's fine, just make sure you leave true peak at negative two. The reason behind that is because when they convert your files to other formats, for example, to OGG format, what tends to happen is when you have a loud mix, peaks tend to rise in volume. True peak sets the threshold at negative two. So when they do that conversion to OGG, you'll be ensured that no spikes will

hit above the ceiling. Like I said, I went in on every track, and I set the true peak to negative two because everything is louder than negative 14. In summary, if people tell you you have to mix at negative 14, it's absolute nonsense. You don't have to mix at negative 14 LUFS. If you do, you won't be turned down. But I want to tell you guys some theory around this. If you decide to mix at negative 14 LUFS for streaming formats, here's the problem. You might start to sacrifice the sound you want to go for. I just mix with my ears and what sounds good to me. And when I do negative 14, it's like technically right, but it doesn't sound right to me. It sounds very clinically right and dynamic range and all that, but sometimes that's not what I'm trying to go for because I'm an artist, and I like to do it the way that I want to do it. I'd like to distort it the way I want to.

and all those are penalized by lufs. So I think that there's a balancing act. And any engineers chime in and let me know your thoughts about this. Here's the thing, if you set it to negative two true peak, Spotify will compensate for that. Yes, I did use a similar master chain for every track. So let me show you guys in practice what I did. Okay, I'm gonna load up a drum loop from volume nine. I did was I threw a Pro L2 as the last plug-in on the master chain for everything on what's your superpower album. I'm just adding a limiter. I'm adding some gain just because no reason in particular. What I did was I set the oversampling to 8x. True peak limiting is on. Dither was always set to 24 bit because for delivery, you can't submit 32-bit audio to streaming services. So here's what I did in order to get negative two true peak no matter what my limiter was hitting at, no matter what the

compressors, or whatever we're hitting at. [Music] Here you can see your short-term LUFS loudness. So we can see we're hitting around negative 10, negative 9, negative 10. That's our LUFS. So since it's louder than negative 14, what you want to do is go out, click, and turn this down to negative 2. And so now when I play it back. [Music] If you look at our meter in Ableton, you see that it's maxing out at negative two. So that's exactly how I do it. Sometimes I work at 48k or 96k. If you work at 48 or 96k and 32-bit when you mix down, you want to dither down to 24-bit, and you also want to set your sample rate to 44.1 when you're mixing down. And if you work in Ableton, it's very clean. If you have a bunch of tracks to do it once, you can either go into Ableton and do each one or

you can go into something like RX8. You can do the whole batch, so I wanted to show you guys that because that's something I learned about Spotify. Spotify themselves said if you mix louder than negative 14 lower the true peak two decibels, so it's negative two. True peak limiting vapor crew is better to be turned down than turned up. I agree. Here's the other thing I learned, and I didn't know this before. If you send Spotify a 48k audio file 48k 24, they will accept it, but they will do a conversion to 44.1 24. To avoid that conversion step, that's why I showed you guys this batch processing tool. So if you're working in 48k, you want to use something like RX 8 or Ableton sample rate conversion before it hits Spotify. Just a couple tips for Spotify.

Here's a tip to sound your best on Spotify 🎼👍

DECAP

Spotify용 마스터링 LUFS 및 True Peak 이해

Spotify의 스트리밍 권장 LUFS는 -14이며, 이를 초과하면 페널티를 받을 수 있습니다.

14보다 더 크게 믹싱하려면 실제 피크가 -2가 되어야 불이익을 피할 수 있습니다.

아티스트의 앨범인 "What's Your Superpower"는 스트리밍에 미치는 영향을 고려하여 평균 -8에서 -7 LUFS 사이로 마스터링되었습니다.

실제 피크를 마이너스 2로 설정하는 것의 중요성

Spotify의 권장 사항에 따르면 스트리밍을 위해 음악을 믹싱할 때는 트루 피크를 마이너스 2로 설정하는 것이 중요합니다.

일반적으로 마이너스 14 LUFS에서 믹싱하는 것이 좋지만, 이 가이드라인에서 벗어나면 원하는 사운드를 보존하고 파일 변환 중 볼륨 급증을 방지할 수 있습니다.

궁극적으로 엄격한 기술 기준보다는 개인의 취향과 예술적 비전에 따라 믹싱하는 것이 아티스트의 작품 개성을 살리는 데 중요합니다.

스트리밍을 위한 오디오 레벨 밸런싱 및 마스터링

트루 피크를 마이너스 2로 설정하면 Spotify의 보정에 도움이 되고 오디오 레벨이 일관되게 유지됩니다.

Pro L2 리미터와 8배 오버샘플링을 포함하여 "What's Your Superpower" 앨범의 모든 트랙에 유사한 마스터 체인을 사용했습니다.

24비트로 디더링하고 샘플 레이트를 44.

1로 조정하여 믹스 다운하면 스트리밍 서비스에서 깨끗한 오디오를 얻을 수 있습니다.

Spotify용 오디오를 준비하기 위한 팁

Spotify에서는 믹싱 시 실제 피크 레벨을 -2데시벨 이하로 유지할 것을 권장합니다.

48k 오디오 파일을 Spotify로 전송하면 44.

1로 변환되며, 샘플 레이트 변환을 위한 일괄 처리 도구를 사용하면 이를 방지할 수 있습니다.

48k 오디오를 Spotify에 업로드하기 전에 샘플 레이트 변환을 위해 RX 8 또는 Ableton과 같은 소프트웨어를 사용하는 것이 좋습니다.