효과적인 노트 필기 기술

효과적인 노트 필기에는 능동적인 학습, 장치 선택, 사실이나 개념이 많은 과목에 맞는 맞춤형 기술이 필요합니다.

### 노트 필기의 미묘한 차이: 효과적인 학습을 위한 모범 사례
* 📝 노트 필기는 학교에서 우수한 성적을 거두기 위한 기본 요소이며, **이해력, 암기력, 향후 더 효과적인 학습**을 위해 필수적입니다.
* 🔍 노트 필기의 목적은 **노트의 프로세스 기능과 결과물 기능**을 구분하여 이해와 기억을 용이하게 하는 것입니다.
* 💻 노트 필기 장치의 선택은 방해 요소를 없애고 **이미지와 그림을 노트에 통합**할 수 있는 기능을 고려해야 합니다.
* 🧠 필기 노트와 노트북 노트 등 **노트 필기 방법의 효과**는 미묘한 차이가 있으며, **과목과 능동적인 학습 과정**에 따라 달라집니다.
* ✨ 노트 필기를 위한 모범 사례로는 **방해 요소를 제거**하고, **필사를 피하**고, **이미지와 그림을 활용**하고, **유연한 노트 필기 앱이 있는 태블릿 장치**를 사용하는 것이 있습니다.
* 📚 개요 방식은 간단하고 체계적으로 메모한 다음 **요약 시트, 종합 질문, 플래시카드**를 통해 능동적으로 학습하는 방법입니다.
* 🎓 이러한 노트 필기법은 **높은 학업 성취도**에 기여해 왔으며 의과대학에서 **효과적인 학습**을 위한 종합적인 접근 방식의 일부입니다.
* 🌟 의대 인사이더는 **입증된 결과와 개인화된 지원**을 통해 더 행복하고 건강하며 효과적인 의사를 양성하는 데 중점을 두고 **미래의 의사를 위한 종합적인 지원**을 제공합니다.

Since the very beginning, I've spoken at great length about how space repetition with active recall is a foundational component to achieving stellar results in school. We've even gone over how to create good Anki flashcards, which is rarely done properly, even by popular study experts. But even more foundational is how to take good notes. I'll show you how to do just that. Dr. Jubbal, MedSchoolInsiders.com. Taking good notes, whether from class or from your textbook, is nuanced and messy. It's part of the reason I've pushed off talking about note-taking for so long. Unlike many other components to studying, like memorization techniques, note-taking doesn't naturally fall into a straightforward and streamlined process. To consistently take useful notes, you'll need to be adaptable with your approach, adjusting based on several variables, such as the content you're learning, the lecturer who's teaching you, and a few other factors. Let's get started. First, what is the purpose of taking notes?

This may seem obvious, but it's at this foundational question that many students get tripped up. You should not be taking notes to copy verbatim from the professor or textbook. This is the most common offense. Rather, notes are a tool used to facilitate comprehension, memorization, and more effective future studying. You can think of note-taking as two discrete steps: process function and product function. The process function refers to the fact that the act of taking notes while listening to lecture improves your comprehension and retention, regardless of whether you review those notes. The product function refers to the ability to review the notes in the future and commit facts to memory through rehearsal, organization, or elaboration. With that in mind, how should we decide what type of device to use when taking notes? Write on a notepad, and you lose much of the convenience of storing files digitally, or having them searchable, or being able to quickly insert images. Type on a computer, and you cannot easily draw, or you may be prone to distractions like social media or instant messaging.

Additionally, Mueller and Oppenheimer in 2014 demonstrated that typing notes on a laptop is more likely to result in transcribing lectures verbatim, rather than deeper information processing and reframing into one's own words. In short, less of it actually sticks. Based on the Mueller and Oppenheimer paper, you may jump to the conclusion that taking notes by hand is superior than on the computer. As always, the actual science is far more nuanced than lazy thinking and black-and-white summaries would have you believe. Muller and Oppenheimer found an advantage to handwritten notes with regards to conceptual testing, but no difference with regards to factual testing. Additionally, this only tested the process function of note-taking, meaning taking the notes, but not the product function, meaning reviewing the notes. When they did allow laptop and written note-takers to review their notes, the handwritten notes performed better in both factual and conceptual testing. Settled? Not yet. Dung and colleagues in 2012 found opposing results.

demonstrating that when participants could study their notes, those who used a computer to transcribe the lectures performed the best on delayed recall tests. Similarly, Fiorella and Meir in 2017 showed that when allowed to study one's notes, those who used a laptop performed better on factual information recall than those who took notes by hand, postulating that those taking longhand notes experience greater extraneous cognitive processing, which is ultimately a distraction - a problem not faced by laptop note-takers. Perhaps these seemingly conflicting findings are best addressed by Luo et al. in 2018, who address the main shortcomings of the three previous studies. This table beautifully summarizes the key findings from each study. Seems confusing? It should since there are several conflicting findings on the surface level. With all this conflicting data, what should we believe? Again, nuance is key, and the devil is in the details. Here are the best practices. I recommend based on the data: First, Eliminate Distractions

Completely disable all notifications and enter airplane mode if necessary to eliminate distractions from a laptop or tablet while taking notes in class. Failing to do so drastically reduces any benefits offered by using an electronic device.

Number 2.) Avoid Transcribing. I type at 145 words per minute, and if you're also a fast typist, you may find it easy to transcribe what the lecturer is saying verbatim. This is a highly passive form of note-taking, and as we've discussed many times on this channel, active learning is king. While in lecture, your priority should be to understand the information. To facilitate this process and avoid regurgitating, put it into your own words. The data on the utility of transcribing is conflicting, but that's due to study limitations and overall poor note-taking strategies within the studies.

Number 3.) Take Advantage of Images and Figures. Regardless of the medium you use when taking notes, prioritize incorporating relevant images and figures into your notes. With handwritten notes, you can draw them in yourself.

With a laptop or tablet, you can take a photo or screenshot and insert them directly into your notes, which brings us to our last point. Traditionally, we look to either typing on a laptop or writing in a notebook, but each system has significant downsides. As we now enter a new decade in 2020, tablet devices are more affordable and accessible than ever, and they allow for the best of both worlds - the convenience of typing and digital notes with the ability to draw and annotate. I went with an iPad Pro with Apple Pencil, but even a regular $300 iPad will get the job done. Windows users should look to the Microsoft Surface. If you have a different suggestion, share it with the rest of us in the comments below. In terms of app, I highly recommend Notability or OneNote, as both allow for a flexible system of drawing, typing, and importing images or PDFs that you can annotate. I used to use Evernote and Apple notes.

but their drawing functionality is highly restrictive. And while I do love Notion, the lack of drawing or annotating holds it back in the purposes of in-class note-taking. Now that we have the fundamentals in place, how do we approach note-taking most effectively? The first step is to take good notes. Cornell notes follow an intelligent structure that facilitates active learning and recall. On the left side, you write down key words or questions that you use to quiz yourself later. On the right-hand side, you take your notes in traditional nested outline format. At the bottom, you write a summary of the information on the page. While well-intentioned, I do not recommend you use this format, as there are much better ways to incorporate active learning and recall into your daily studying, which we'll get to shortly. The outline method is my favorite, and it's one of the most popular methods used by college and medical students. It's quite simple. You start with a main topic or idea, and if there is a subtopic related to that idea,

you nest it with an indent. If you have another supporting fact of that subtopic, you nest that point further. This allows for a clean, organized, and straightforward way to organize the information from class. You should use this as your default go-to in most situations. If this seems straightforward and simple,
 it should. That's because during this stage, you're simply seeking to understand and organize the information in a way that makes sense to you. It's in the next step where additional effort and adaptability comes in. Once we've taken the notes, the key to learning the information and crushing your exams isn't to simply review the notes again and again. That's the silly brute force method I used in college, and it's the method most students use to much frustration. Rather, you need to practice forms of active learning. 
In determining the method to use, consider what makes the coursework challenging.
Most classes are either fact heavy or concept heavy. In fact-heavy courses, there is simply an immense amount of information you need to memorize.

but the facts aren't all that difficult to make sense of. Think of history or psychology. Concept heavy, on the other hand, means the difficulty lies in understanding and applying the concepts. Think mathematics, neuroscience, or cardiology. It's not a black and white, either-or, as just about all subjects have a mix of facts you need to memorize and difficult concepts to understand, but some will be more dominant in facts and some will be more dominant in concepts. Understanding how fact or concept dominant a subject is will guide you in how to study most effectively. Summary sheets, also known as condensed notes, are notes you take of your notes. (I know, pretty meta). Essentially, you're trimming the fat, condensing, and synthesizing your notes into something more manageable. Don't simply write smaller. Rather, you should be making connections you didn't realize during lecture and synthesizing the information in new ways, such as in tables or other visuals. Summary sheets get a bad rap amongst the evidence-based learning community because some studies have shown they aren't all that effective.

I'd argue they are indeed quite helpful - again, nuance is key. When certain study strategies are employed in a research setting, the nuance is understandably lost. For summary sheets to be worthwhile, two conditions must be met. First, the subject should be concept-heavy, and second, don't simply copy your notes, but making an active learning process by actively seeking to understand, make connections, and simplify. This shouldn't be easy or comfortable, but that's to be expected of any effective active learning method. In my pulmonology during the first year of medical school, I scored in the top 3 of my entire first-year class. I first took simple outline method notes as I attended the lecture. Here's a sample PowerPoint slide with my notes below. Later on, I went home and condensed the notes into a single piece of paper, front and back, that looked something like this. I took a photo and saved it to Evernote for me to reference later when I needed to review.

Next up, synthesis questions, which are appropriate amongst a broader range of subjects. I'm grateful that my medical school provided us with learning objective questions, which was my first introduction to the practice of synthesis questions. But you don't need someone else to make them for you - you can make them yourself. Let's take cardiology block during my first year of medical school, one of the most conceptually challenging blocks, but also one of the blocks where I set the curve and ranked number 1 in my medical school. Again, I started off with outline method notes, but after lecture, I worked on synthesis questions. Again, this is best served when it becomes an active process, such as when you're making a table of two similar but distinct entities. Simply copying down information does not help you here. For example, after learning about skeletal and cardiac muscle, I made a table comparing the two. Here's another table comparing systemic and pulmonary blood circulations. The process of making the table was an active process that reinforced the material and my understanding of it.

plus, I had the added benefit of a high-yield table to review at a future date. Third, we have a crowd favorite: flashcards. If you've watched my other videos, you know I love flashcards, specifically Anki, a free flashcard app that I've made tutorials on how to use. Students often ask me if they should make flashcards directly in class. I actually tried doing this in medical school during some blocks, and it's not a good idea. The reason being is that you'll make very low-quality flashcards that have far too much information on them, or test you on multiple facts, or don't follow other best practices. This translates to highly inefficient flashcards and wasted effort. It's for this same reason that I don't recommend you use Cornell notes. Making good flashcards is a difficult process, but I've simplified it and outlined how exactly to do so in a previous video. Link in the description. Flashcards should only be made after you have organized the information.

understand it deeply and have made connections or simplifications in your head or on paper. Flashcards are used to drill in information that requires rote memorization more so than conceptual understanding. And there you have it. This is my note-taking process that earned me a 99.9th percentile on my MCAT, top marks in medical school, and on my USMLE, and allowed me to match into the hyper-competitive field of plastic surgery. There are some other techniques unrelated to notes, such as practice problems, the Feynman technique, and more, but I've gone over those in my popular Study Less, Study Smart video, which is the highest yield study video I've ever created. If you're serious about getting straight A's in class and crushing your MCAT or USMLE, visit us on MedSchoolInsiders.com. As you know, I'm a firm believer that systems produce results. That's why my team and I at Med School Insiders obsessed over how to become the best admissions consulting.

and tutoring company for future physicians. At Med School Insiders, our mission is to empower a generation of happier, healthier, and more effective future doctors. From medical school or residency application help to crushing your MCAT or USMLE, we've got your back. And our results speak for themselves. We've become the fastest growing company in this space with the highest satisfaction ratings. See for yourself and learn more at MedSchoolInsiders.com. Thank you all so much for watching. What other study technique questions do you have? Drop a comment below and I'll consider making a future video about it. Much love to you all, and I will see you guys in that next one.

How to Take Notes | Science-Based Strategies to Earn Perfect Grades

Med School Insiders offers premed and medical students with high yield, evidence-based, and effective strategies on pursuing a career in medicine. Narrated by Dr. Kevin Jubbal M.D., our videos empower future doctors and physicians with the tools to live effectively both personally and professionally.

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Disclaimer: Content of Med School Insiders is the opinion of Dr. Jubbal and does not constitute medical advice. The content and associated links provide general information for general educational purposes only.

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뛰어난 학습 결과를 위한 노트 필기 마스터하기

노트 필기는 효과적인 공부의 기본 요소로, 이해력과 기억력을 향상시키는 데 도움이 됩니다.

노트 필기의 목적은 출처를 그대로 베끼는 것이 아니라 이해를 돕고 향후 학습을 향상시키는 것입니다.

손으로 필기할지 컴퓨터로 필기할지는 미묘한 차이가 있으며, 각 방법에는 고유한 장점이 있고 그 효과에 대한 과학적 근거는 흑백이 아닙니다.

최적의 리콜을 위한 메모 작성 모범 사례

컴퓨터를 사용하여 메모를 하면 지연 회상 테스트의 성적을 향상시킬 수 있습니다.

노트북이나 태블릿으로 노트 필기를 할 때는 방해 요소를 제거하는 것이 중요합니다.

축어 필사를 피하고 능동적인 학습에 우선순위를 두는 것이 효과적인 노트 필기의 핵심입니다.

이미지와 그림을 노트에 통합하고 태블릿 장치를 사용해 타이핑과 그림을 함께 사용하면 종합적인 노트 필기에 도움이 될 수 있습니다.

노션은 그리기 및 주석 달기 기능이 부족해 수업 중 노트 필기에 효과적이지 않습니다.

코넬 노트와 개요 방법은 노트 필기에 대한 체계적인 접근 방식을 제공하며, 효과적인 학습을 위해 능동적인 학습을 강조합니다.

코스가 사실 중심인지 개념 중심인지 이해하면 가장 효과적인 학습 방법을 결정하는 데 도움이 되며, 노트를 압축하고 종합하는 데 요약 시트를 사용하면 기억력을 향상시킬 수 있습니다.

의대 성공을 위한 효과적인 학습 전략

효과적인 학습을 위해서는 종합 문제를 활용하고 고품질 플래시카드를 만드는 등 능동적인 학습이 중요합니다.

단순히 노트를 베끼는 것은 도움이 되지 않으므로 자료를 이해하고, 연결하고, 단순화하는 데 초점을 맞춰야 합니다.

표를 만들어 지식을 비교하고 강화하는 것은 유익한 능동적 학습 과정입니다.

플래시카드는 정보를 정리한 후에 만들어야 하며, 효율적인 학습을 위해 모범 사례를 따르는 것이 중요합니다.

학업 성공을 위한 효과적인 노트 필기

노트 필기는 정보 유지와 이해에 도움이 되기 때문에 학업 성취에 있어 매우 중요한 부분입니다.

연사의 노트 필기 과정은 MCAT, 의대, USMLE에서 높은 성적을 거둔 것은 물론 성형외과에 입학하는 데도 기여했습니다.

메드스쿨 인사이더스는 미래의 의사들이 성공할 수 있도록 지원하는 데 중점을 두고 최고 수준의 입시 컨설팅과 과외 서비스를 제공하는 데 전념하고 있습니다.