평온한 삶을 위한 마르쿠스 아우렐리우스의 금욕주의적 지혜

### 평온한 삶을 위한 마르쿠스 아우렐리우스의 금욕주의적 지혜
* 📜 로마의 황제였던 마르쿠스 아우렐리우스는 스토아 철학을 따르며 **평온한 마음**을 유지하는 등 덕을 세우는 삶을 지향했습니다.
* 📉 평온함을 얻기 위해 마르쿠스 아우렐리우스는 **필수 업무에 집중**하고 더 지능적이고 효율적으로 일하는 '덜 일하기'를 조언했습니다.
* 📝 마르쿠스 아우렐리우스에 따르면 **불필요한 행동과 가정을 없애는 것**이 일을 줄이는 핵심입니다.
* 📅 일상 업무에 집중하는 데 도움이 되는 습관은 **전날 밤에 할 일 목록을 작성**하는 것입니다.
* 🏞 마르쿠스 아우렐리우스는 여행을 통해 평온을 추구하기보다는 **명상과 같은 짧은 정신적 탈출**을 권장했습니다.
* 💀 그는 죽음과 만물의 무상함을 기억하는 스토아적 원리인 **'메멘토 모리'**를 불안과 평온의 원천으로 강조했습니다.
* 🎢 모든 것이 일시적이라는 것을 인식하면 **좋은 시절에 집착**하거나 **나쁜 시절을 싫어하지 않을 수 있습니다.**
* 🔄 마르쿠스 아우렐리우스는 우리의 내면은 유동적이기 때문에 **우리가 변화에 반응하는 방식**에 영향을 미칠 수 있다고 믿었습니다.

스토아 철학자 마르쿠스 아우렐리우스는 일을 적게 하고, 짧은 도피 생활을 하며, 인생의 무상함을 받아들임으로써 평온을 유지해야 한다고 주장했습니다.

As emperor of Rome, he was the most powerful
man on the planet. Yet, as opposed to many of his successors and predecessors, Marcus Aurelius aimed to live virtuously on a consistent basis. He followed a philosophical school called
Stoicism. Part of Stoic philosophy is the ability to
keep a calm mind. As a matter of fact, the Stoics believe that
humans in a state of flourishing have attained true happiness, which always goes together
with inner peace. Needless to say, Marcus Aurelius was a busy
man, carrying the burden of leadership over an empire, and all the stress that comes from
this. His work, Meditations, gives us an idea of
how he coped. Marcus Aurelius is famous for his negative
visualization, which modern Stoics use as a meditative practice to start the day. Since I’ve got a separate video about this,
I’d like to focus on his lesser-known teachings that we can use as practical advice for more
tranquil lives.

This first one is very simple: (1) Do less. It’s a no-brainer, right? In order to become calmer, we should simply do less. Now, it’s important to mention that the Stoics hold productivity in high regard, as they see it as a virtue to be industrious. On the other hand, moderation is a virtue as well. So, how exactly should we do less, when we’re supposed to be industrious? Marcus Aurelius observed that people do many things that aren’t necessary. In the current age, we have access to almost unlimited entertainment, so it’s very easy to get caught up in all kinds of non-productive activities. With ‘doing less’, Marcus Aurelius also meant talking less. Many conversations are nonsensical, lead to nowhere, and only waste our time and energy. So, ‘doing less’ means doing the essential. And doing the essential not only means that we cut out the nonsense, but also that we

work more intelligently and efficiently. A big advantage that we gain from this, besides
tranquility, is that we can do less, better. Doing the essential consistently takes a mindful
approach. I quote: If you can eliminate it, you’ll have more
time, and more tranquillity. Ask yourself at every moment, “Is this necessary?” But we need to eliminate unnecessary assumptions
as well, to eliminate the unnecessary actions that follow. End quote. A good habit that helps to stay focused on
our daily endeavors is making a list of tasks the night before. This way, we premeditate on what we have to
do when we get up in the morning, which has a calming effect on the mind. Because when we design our days beforehand,
there’s one less thing for the mind to worry about. (2) Short escapes In another video, I’ve explained that the
Stoics aren’t too fond of traveling for recreational purposes and don’t see it
as a good way to seek tranquility.

The reason for that is that wherever we go,
we take ourselves with us. So, the effects of traveling are only temporary. Thus, as soon as the novelty subsides, we’ll
be confronted with our own minds again. Marcus Aurelius was critical of people seeking
refuge from daily worries by traveling or residing in quiet places like the mountains
or beaches. In his mind, this was an idiotic thing to
do because why should we travel when we can get away by going within? “Nowhere you can go is more peaceful—more
free of interruptions—than your own soul,” he said. There’s nothing wrong with changing scenery
once in a while to facilitate our mental retreats, as long as we keep these escapes basic and
brief. What Marcus Aurelius proposed reminds me a
lot of meditation. Or perhaps, moments of reflection and contemplation,
in order to renew ourselves so we can calmly proceed with our daily lives. He gave us two things to ponder over if we
choose to briefly retreat in our minds.

I quote: (1) That things have no hold on the soul. They stand there unmoving, outside it. Disturbance comes only from within—from our own perceptions. And two: (2) That everything you see will soon alter and cease to exist. Think of how many changes you’ve already seen. “The world is nothing but change. Our life is only perception.” End quote. Which brings us to the next piece of advice, which is... (3) Remembering that all shall pass. The Stoics are infamous for remembering the frightening reality of life: that it’s going to end. Memento Mori means the remembrance of death, which is the ultimate acceptance that the changing nature of the universe also means the decay and vanishing of ourselves. Marcus Aurelius tells us to keep in mind how fast things pass us by; we can be immersed in something in one moment, and in the next moment it could be something totally different.

Trends come and go in the blink of an eye,
and when we look at the history of this planet, human life is just a tiny, little hiccup,
in this cosmic evolution. The fact that everything is in flux could
be a source of anxiety, because nothing is stable, and eventually we will be separated
from our possessions and loved ones. But it can be a source of calm as well. The realization that everything is temporary,
means that there’s no point in clinging to good times and being strongly averse to
bad times. Happiness is a relative thing. Even in prison, there are good and bad days. And even millionaires experience joy and suffering. This means that our inner world, thus, the
way we perceive our life situation and how we react to that, is also in flux. Moreover, we can influence how we react to
change. So: why should destiny concern us so much? As Marcus Aurelius wrote: The infinity of past and future gapes before
us—a chasm whose depths we cannot see.

So it would take an idiot to feel self-importance
or distress, or any indignation, either, as if the things that irritate us lasted. Thank you for watching.

STOICISM | How Marcus Aurelius Keeps Calm

Einzelgänger

평온한 삶을 위한 마르쿠스 아우렐리우스의 금욕주의적 가르침

로마의 강력한 황제였던 마르쿠스 아우렐리우스는 평온한 마음과 내면의 평화를 유지하는 능력을 강조하는 스토아주의를 통해 덕을 세우는 데 전념했습니다.

평온한 삶을 위한 그의 실질적인 가르침 중 하나는 '덜 일하기'라는 개념으로, 필수적인 일에 집중하고 비생산적인 활동과 불필요한 대화를 차단하는 것이었습니다.

이러한 절제 개념은 생산성과 미덕에 대한 스토아 철학의 신념과 일치하며 스트레스에 대처하고 평온을 얻는 데 유용한 접근 방식을 제공합니다.

평온함과 집중력을 유지하는 효율적인 방법

불필요한 작업과 가정을 제거하면 생활에 더 많은 시간과 평온함을 줄 수 있습니다.

일상 업무를 미리 계획하면 정신적 스트레스와 불안을 줄여 마음의 평온을 되찾을 수 있습니다.

스토아학파는 레크리에이션 여행에 비판적이었지만, 내면의 평화와 쇄신을 위한 짧은 정신적 휴양의 중요성을 강조했습니다.

변화와 무상함을 포용하기: 마르쿠스 아우렐리우스의 교훈

혼란은 우리 자신의 지각 안에서만 오기 때문에 사물은 영혼을 붙잡을 수 없습니다.

세상은 끊임없이 변화하기 때문에 우리가 보는 모든 것은 변하고 존재하지 않게 될 것입니다.

마르쿠스 아우렐리우스는 삶과 우주의 일시적인 본질을 받아들이고, 모든 것이 유동적이므로 좋은 시절에 집착하거나 나쁜 시절을 싫어할 필요가 없다는 깨달음에서 평온함을 찾으라고 조언합니다.

우리를 짜증나게 하는 것들은 일시적인 것이므로 자괴감, 괴로움, 분노는 무의미합니다.

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그런 감정은 오래 지속되지 않으므로 붙잡고 있을 필요가 없습니다.