보잉의 스타라이너 도전: NASA의 SpaceX로의 전환

### 보잉의 스타라이너 도전 과제: 우주 여행의 지연과 불확실성
* 🚀 NASA 우주비행사 수니타 윌리엄스와 배리 윌모어는 보잉의 스타라이너 우주선의 지속적인 문제로 인해 **국제우주정거장에 8개월 이상 체류할 가능성**이 있는 장기 체류에 직면해 있습니다.
* 🔧 보잉은 **2011년 스타라이너가 처음 출시된 이후 수많은 기술적 문제**에 직면했으며, **6월 5일 발사 당시에도 추진기 고장 및 헬륨 누출 등 심각한 문제**가 발생했습니다.
* 📅 NASA는 당초 스타라이너의 귀환 시기를 **6월 14일**로 고려했지만, 이후 우주비행사의 귀환에 스타라이너를 사용하는 데 따른 위험성에 대한 논의가 치열해지면서 **2025년 2월로 귀환 시기**를 미뤘습니다.
* 🛰 보잉은 스타라이너가 우주비행사의 귀환을 위한 준비가 되어 있다고 주장하지만, NASA는 보잉의 한 번의 불완전한 임무에 비해 **9번의 임무를 성공적으로 완수**한 SpaceX의 크루 드래곤을 사용하는 것을 고려하고 있습니다.
* 💰 재정적으로 보잉은 스타라이너 프로그램과 관련하여 **14억 달러 이상의 손실**을 보고하여 회사의 장기적인 생존 가능성과 투자 수익에 대한 우려를 불러일으켰습니다.
* 🔄 이러한 상황은 보잉의 고전과 대조적으로 **SpaceX가 지배적인 업체**로 부상하면서 우주 여행의 판도가 바뀔 수 있음을 시사하는 항공 우주 산업의 중대한 변화를 강조합니다.
* 🌌 이러한 좌절에도 불구하고 우주비행사 윌리엄스와 윌모어는 **우주에서의 경험의 특별함**을 강조하고 때가 되면 집으로 돌아가고 싶다는 열망을 표현하며 **낙관적인 태도**를 유지했습니다.

보잉의 스타라이너 투쟁은 우주비행사 수송을 주도하는 SpaceX와 함께 항공우주 산업에 중대한 변화가 일어나고 있음을 보여줍니다.

(upbeat music) - [Narrator] Two NASA astronauts, Sunita Williams and Barry Wilmore, who traveled to the International Space Station on an eight-day mission, could now end up staying there for over eight months because of problems with Boeing Starliner spacecraft. To add insult to injury, NASA announced that the crew will return to Earth on a spacecraft from Boeing's competitor SpaceX in February of 2025. - There's just a lot of uncertainty about what happens to the Starliner program. - You know, this might not look good right now, but we don't know the end of it yet. - [Narrator] Here's a breakdown of Boeing's Starliner Saga and what it could mean for the aerospace giant. - Boeing has faced a lot of technical challenges with developing this vehicle all the way back to, you know, 2019. - [Announcer] One, ignition and lift off of Starliner

and Atlas Fine. - [Narrator] When Starliner did finally take off on June 5th, more technical problems disrupted the flight. - [Michah] There are two main kinds of buckets of problems that came up during Starliner's flight to the International Space Station. One relates to thrusters that are used to maneuver the spacecraft. A handful of them temporarily failed as the vehicle was docking, you know, with the space station. And then the second bucket of problems are helium leaks. Helium is used to pressurize the propulsion system, and NASA and Boeing discovered several leaks on board that system, you know, during the flight. - [Narrator] The crew did manage to arrive at the International Space Station safely. - And followed shortly behind by commander of Starliner Barry Wilmore. - [Narrator] But Starliner's problems raised concerns at NASA. The agency talked about returning Starliner as early as June 14th,

but NASA delayed the return several times. On August 7th, NASA said that the return date could be pushed to February 2025. NASA has been debating risk basically and how much risk does Starliner pose to the astronauts, Barry Wilmore or Sunita Williams? I'm not sure that NASA has had to make a call, make a decision in the face of uncertainty about a human space flight program with humans on orbit and human lives potentially at stake in a really long time. In early August, NASA said it was considering tapping SpaceX to ferry the astronauts back home. SpaceX didn't respond to a request for comment. Boeing has said, just sort of simply put that Starliner is ready to go and the data supports using Starliner to take the two astronauts back to back to earth. NASA has been in this kind of intense, you know, one leader there recently too called it vigorous like debate about the risks

that Starliner may pose to the two astronauts if it is used to ferry them back to Earth spacecraft. - [Narrator] Long before this current Starliner mission, the spacecraft development was dogged by problems. - Boeing has been working on Starliner for more than a decade, and the program has been beset, you know, with delays. (engine roaring) - [Announcer] Lift off. - [Narrator] Starliner was born out of the end of NASA's space shuttle program in 2011. Shortly after that, the agency hired Boeing and SpaceX to each independently develop spacecraft to ferry astronauts to and from the Space Station. - NASA wanted to have two different American companies to basically back each other up. If something happens with one company, the other could be right there to continue the flights, continue the missions, continue the science. - You never want to just have one option, you know,

that's what we found with the space shuttle way back when. You know, when we had the first accident, there was a lot put into one vehicle. So, it having a second option is really important, and we're seeing it now because even though we're having some issues and delays with the Starliner, we're still able to at least carry on the operations of the Space Station by using the Crew Dragon. - [Narrator] Boeing's struggles with Starliner contrast sharply with the development of SpaceX's Crew Dragon. - [Michah] SpaceX has now flown nine different missions for NASA. That includes their test flight. You know, a few years ago, Boeing has flown half, you know, call it half of one. I mean, they've taken astronauts up to the Space Station. No easy feat, but have not, you know, brought them back yet. - I think right now it's a tough time for Boeing.

There's no doubt about it. Maybe it makes it a little harder, at least the optics of it, because the perception now is that, you know, SpaceX is running things splendidly, you know, they're having a lot of success and I think it's, the game's not over yet. - [Narrator] When NASA selected Boeing and SpaceX to develop the Starliner and Crew Dragon Spacecrafts, the agency signed fixed price agreements with each contractor. - The company and NASA agree to a number, and then it's up to the company to come up with a way to stay under that number. The idea is you're incentivizing your contractor to, you know, perform well so they can make some money. Boeing has struggled financially with Starliner. They've disclosed more than 1.4 billion in charges or losses related to the program, and there, there's some real questions about like whether the company is gonna ever, you know, see any return

from years and years of investment. - [Narrator] That NASA has now turned to SpaceX to complete the mission is a tough outcome for Boeing, which has deep ties to NASA that date to the Apollo moon landings. - If you look back at executive commentary from Boeing, you know, years ago, folks there thought that they would be first, that Boeing would beat SpaceX to transport NASA astronauts to and from the International Space Station. And it obviously has not worked out the way many executives and leaders at Boeing thought it would. It kind of signals a changing of the guard in the space industry. - Yeah, it's not all roses, you know, you have ups and downs. That's the way life is. And I think from the experience I've had as an astronaut, I think it's really the mark of a good team to be able to recover from that. And how do you recover from that adversity? So I think it's an opportunity for Boeing.

They didn't plan this; they didn't want this to happen. They much rather have brought them home in eight days. Okay, next, you know, and move on. But that didn't happen that way. - We'll be happy to go back home when it's our time to go back home. - But you can't do this on Earth. So this is, this makes it special. - [Announcer] Barry, Sunny, we're looking forward to welcoming you back here on Earth.

SpaceX Completing a Boeing Mission: NASA’s Backup Plan, Explained | WSJ

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보잉의 스타라이너 도전과 NASA 우주비행사의 장기 체류

8일간의 임무를 수행하던 NASA 우주비행사 수니타 윌리엄스와 배리 윌모어는 보잉의 스타라이너 우주선의 문제로 인해 국제우주정거장에 8개월 이상 머물게 될지도 모릅니다.

승무원들의 지구 귀환은 현재 2025년 2월로 예정되어 있으며, SpaceX 우주선을 타고 지구로 돌아올 예정입니다.

보잉은 우주 정거장으로 비행하는 동안 추진기 고장과 헬륨 누출 등 스타라이너와 관련하여 수많은 기술적 문제에 직면했습니다.

스타라이너에 대한 NASA의 지연과 과제

NASA는 스타라이너의 귀환을 여러 차례 연기했으며, 가장 최근의 예상 날짜는 2025년 2월입니다.

NASA는 우주비행사 배리 윌모어와 수니타 윌리엄스의 귀환을 위해 SpaceX를 이용할 가능성을 고려하면서 우주선이 우주비행사에게 미칠 위험에 대해 논의하고 있습니다.

보잉은 스타라이너가 준비되었다고 주장하지만, 이 프로그램은 2011년 NASA의 우주 왕복선 프로그램 종료 이후 시작부터 10년 넘게 지연과 문제에 직면해 왔습니다.

승무원 임무에서 보잉의 고군분투와 SpaceX의 성공

보잉의 스타라이너는 NASA를 위해 9개의 임무를 성공적으로 완수한 SpaceX의 크루 드래곤과는 대조적으로 상당한 지연과 어려움에 직면해 있습니다.

NASA와 계약업체 간의 고정 가격 계약은 성과를 장려하기 위한 것이었지만, 보잉은 스타라이너 프로그램과 관련된 14억 달러 이상의 손실을 공개했습니다.

현재 SpaceX는 번창하고 있다는 인식이 지배적인 반면, 보잉은 어려움을 겪으면서 이 프로그램에 대한 투자 수익률에 대한 의문이 제기되고 있습니다.

NASA가 보잉에서 스페이스X로 전환하다

NASA가 우주비행사 수송을 위해 SpaceX를 선택하기로 결정한 것은 NASA와 오랜 관계를 맺어온 보잉에게는 어려운 결과입니다.

보잉의 경영진은 NASA 우주비행사를 가장 먼저 수송할 수 있을 것으로 예상했지만 결과는 달랐습니다.

이 상황은 보잉이 역경에서 회복하고 경험을 통해 배울 수 있는 기회를 제공합니다.