안전 자산으로 투자 포트폴리오 다각화 가이드

### 개인 금융 가이드: 금, 채권, 달러 투자하기
* 💰 금 투자는 은행의 금 예금 계좌를 통해 소액으로도 투자할 수 있습니다. 단, 수익이 발생하면 차익에 대해 **15.4%의 배당소득세**가 부과됩니다.
* 🏦 한국 정부는 한국거래소에 금 시장을 설립하고 합법적인 금 거래를 장려하기 위해 **세제 혜택**을 제공하고 있으며, 잠재적으로 **비과세 환경**까지 제공하고 있습니다.
* - **채권을 증권사를 통해 효율적으로 사고 팔 수 있습니다.**
- **채권에 간접적으로 투자하는 채권형 펀드**가 있습니다.
- 정부는 **개인 투자자만을 위한 특별 국채**를 발행할 계획입니다.
* 💵 은행에서 달러 예금 계좌를 개설하면 **환차익과 예금 이자 혜택**을 모두 누릴 수 있습니다. 미국 국채나 주식과 같이 달러로 평가되는 자산에 투자하는 것이 좋습니다.
* 📈 국채에 투자할 때는 **금리가 하락할 것으로 예상될 때** 투자하는 것이 가장 이상적입니다. **장기 채권은 금리가 하락할 때 더 많이 상승**하는 경향이 있습니다.
* 🌐 미국 달러 대비 원화 환율은 주로 **달러의 수급에 영향을 받으며, 수출 호조는 일반적으로 원화 약세**로 이어집니다.
* 🥚 투자를 시작할 때 일반적인 포트폴리오 배분은 **주식 30%, 채권 60%, 금 10%** 정도입니다. 월별 분할 투자의 경우 **주식의 비중을 높이는 것이 유리**합니다.
* 📚 초보자는 **실전 투자를 통해 배우고 경험**을 쌓으면 투자에 대한 걱정을 덜 수 있습니다.

세금을 안내하려면 금, 채권, 달러에 투자하여 다양한 포트폴리오를 구성하세요. 안전성과 수익성에 따라 투자 금액을 다양하게 조정하세요.

Well, it seems like you are very stressed because of taxes right now, but I should introduce you to a way to guide you through taxes. Have you heard of it? Yes, there are no taxes at all, really. What is it? What is it? Wow, I learned something great today. Medical treatment should be from a doctor, medicine from a pharmacist, and investment from an investment expert. Before, we talked about gold, bonds, and one more thing, right? Yes, that's right. So, when you buy and sell these three things, is there anything to be careful of? Well, then, who should we start with? Shall we start with gold? If you invest in gold, do you have a place where you think the future profit will be good? Gold trading is done on the exchange. Which exchange? Just the one you always see on the first floor, the gold exchange. Yes, that's right. In fact, it says gold exchange on the first floor, but to put it simply, gold is bread.

Gold rushes to buy bread and thinks I could become rich if I buy gold without knowing the price of gold, but I don't really recommend it because when I buy gold in physical form, I have to pay a value-added tax of 10%. What I mean is, if I buy gold worth 10 million won, I have to pay 11 million won to buy it. Then, when I sell it, it has to be 11 million won to start making a profit, so I'm already starting with a 10% loss. In addition, there are costs like the gold-bread margin and processing fees, so I express it like this: if you buy gold from Gold Bread, the Gold Bread man becomes rich, not me. Yes, if it doesn't rise significantly, that's why if you go to the bank, there is a way to invest in gold, but not all banks. If you go to Shinhan Bank, Woori Bank, or KB Bank, there is something called Gold Banking. Gold Banking, what is it in Korean, Gold Bank.

Or a gold savings account, the name differs slightly from bank to bank. When I deposit money, the bank automatically buys gold with this money. So, they keep it in gold, and if the gold price goes up and I want to sell the gold, the bank sells the gold for me and gives me the money. So, it's like they handle it for me. It's very convenient, right? Of course, the bank takes a commission of about 1%. So, if you invest through a gold savings account, there is an advantage that you can invest even a small amount like 0.01g of gold. However, the government is not just sitting back and watching this. Why? Because I made money, so I have to pay taxes on the money I made, right? That's why they deduct a dividend income tax of 15.4% on the price difference. 15.4% is a lot, right? It's too much, but there's nothing we can do. That's just how it is.

I know, so banks are quite convenient and simple, right? Well, you seem to be very stressed because of taxes. I should introduce you to a way to deal with taxes. Have you heard of the Korea Exchange? It's here. Here, right? Yes, the Korea Exchange. Do you understand what they buy and sell there, Mr. Semin? The role of the Korea Exchange is like a securities exchange, right? Yes, that's right. So, what do you buy and sell there? Stocks, bonds, futures, options, and so on. That's where you buy and sell those things, at the Korea Exchange. They have a gold market here. You haven't heard of it, have you? From today, you'll know. Yes, the Korea Exchange has recently established a gold market. They are trying to promote trading where Korean gold trading can be done a bit more covertly to avoid taxes.

I just set up an exchange, but if the gold that was active in that market comes up, we should give some benefits, right? Yes, what else can the government give in terms of benefits? That's right. Therefore, if you trade at this Korean gold exchange, we will reduce the tax when you earn money. How much of a reduction would you like? Ah, there's 15.4% now, right? I would like it to be below 10%. Please be a bit more ambitious. Oh, how about 5% less, 1% more, or even 0.5% more? Yes, how about no tax at all? What did I say earlier? By legalizing gold trading that is currently underground, the government is giving bold benefits to bring it into the legal system. How much of these benefits can you receive? I don't know. Wow, I learned something great today. If you have the time, go to the Korean gold exchange and trade gold there.

You don't need to go, you can trade through a securities company account. You can do it on your phone as much as you want, so it would be good to show interest. Now, when it comes to trading stocks, where is the best place to do it? The Korean Stock Exchange market is very neatly organized. Bonds may be a bit difficult and unfamiliar. I don't even know where to buy them, right? Yes. So, if you want to buy bonds yourself, it's most efficient to buy them through a securities company. Therefore, precisely, the securities company has a lot of national bonds. So, if we want to buy national bonds, we can buy them from the securities company. And if we want to sell national bonds, the securities company will buy them from us. Therefore, we will receive money on that day.

There are numbers. If I say I will buy government bonds directly, you can go to a securities company. But there are too many types of government bonds, and I don't know where to invest. I am confused and not confident. So, just like you go to a doctor for medical treatment, and a pharmacist for medicine, you should go to an investor for investments. That's right, to an investment professional. So, you entrust it to a fund. However, among the funds, there is a fund that invests in bonds. Its name is a bond-type fund with a deposit and dividend. By investing indirectly in it, you can do it. Let me tell you one more thing. The day we are filming today has not yet been aired, but soon the government will announce that since institutional investors and foreign investors hold all the bonds, individual investors find it too difficult. Therefore, we decided to create government bonds exclusively for individual investors. So, up to now in our country.

There is a special country for individual investors. Only individuals can buy it. But there are advantages and disadvantages. First, the advantage is, this is a bit long-term, over 10 years. So, ah, if it's 10 years, 20 years, it may seem too long, but it gives a bit higher interest than other government bonds. And the interest is accumulated gradually and given all at once at maturity. Also, it applies separate taxation on taxes, so it's a bit advantageous compared to other taxes. However, there is a disadvantage. Bonds don't have to be held until maturity. You could buy and sell them anytime. But with this special government bond for individual investors, you cannot sell them. Ah, you have to hold until maturity, right? But if I really need money and have to sell, instead of redeeming it back to the government, there is a way where if the interest rate goes down, the value of the bond goes up.

I can't make money by selling it to others, it's not allowed. So, it's a bit disappointing, but anyway, since there will be a special institution for individual investors, it would be good to show some interest. For those who have a long-term perspective, it seems very beneficial. You could consider investing once with a specific goal in mind, like using it for retirement funds. Also, I have a strong feeling that the dollar, oh, the dollar, the dollar will rise in the future. Where are you going to run to? Buy dollars. Right, you have to go to the bank. If you go to the bank and say, Please give me dollars for my Korean won, they will give you dollars. If you keep that in your pocket and the dollar goes up, you can exchange it for profit. Oh, this is certainly one of the good methods. Especially, there's no tax on this exchange gain.

So, this is good, but you know, it's unfair when you change cash like this when you go abroad, right? The exchange rate, right? Even if they give you a discount, there's a big difference. So, even if the exchange rate hasn't gone up, if you buy with cash and sell with cash, you'll lose money. Yes, so doing it with cash like this is a bit disappointing. So, if I think the dollar will rise, I recommend going to the bank and opening a dollar savings account. If you open a dollar savings account, you not only get exchange rate gains but also interest on the deposit. Especially when interest rates are high these days, the interest on a dollar savings account is quite high. So, you can benefit from both exchange rate gains and interest on the deposit. So, there is a way to open a dollar savings account for a certain period, like a 3-month, 6-month, or 1-year term. However, what I would like to recommend is

I recommend buying assets that are evaluated in dollars rather than investing only in the dollar itself. This might be a bit difficult to understand. Assets evaluated in dollars. Well, my facial expression doesn't look good right now, not gold, not gold at all. But gold, you see, since the price of gold is uncertain, what I recommend is this: How about buying U.S. Treasury bonds? U.S. Treasury bonds, of course, are issued in U.S. dollars. So, even if you don't make any profit in the U.S., you still make a profit as the dollar rises. But you see, currently, the U.S. has a very high interest rate. So, if the interest rate goes down a bit, what happens to bond prices? They go up, right? That's what happens. So, if bond prices go up...

Going up can also bring profits, and going up in dollars can bring me profits too, so I can see a win-win situation. So, if I invest in bonds evaluated in dollars or even in U.S. stocks, let's say the U.S. stock price went from $10 to $11, then I earned $1. But if the dollar also went up, then I can have both. So, it seems like a good idea to invest in assets evaluated in dollars. Now, let's talk about gold bonds and dollars. You might be thinking about investing now that you've become a doctor, right? There's a saying, Don't put all your eggs in one basket, so you might want to consider diversifying your investments. However, when you think about it, the three assets might not all rise at the same time, have different proportions, and so on. So, first, when and what...

If you are interested in assets, I will explain some keywords that you should look at. Yes, in fact, that's right. When interest rates rise, now, regarding bonds, I will talk about government bonds. What happens to government bond prices? They go down. So, when interest rates fall, government bond prices go up. Then, when is the best time to invest? It is best to invest when interest rates are expected to fall in the future. If you hold government bonds at that time, what happens to the government bond prices? They go up. So, you receive the basic interest that comes from the government and the government bond prices go up, so you gain both ways. Therefore, when investing in government bonds, it is good to invest when you think interest rates will fall in the future, and it's good to increase the proportion. This is the idea. If we delve a little deeper, let's say you have a government bond with one year left until maturity, and another one with 20 years left until maturity, then

When interest rates fall, what tends to rise more? Is it better to see the effects for only 1 year or for 20 years? Well, it's better to see the effects over 20 years, right? In that case, if there is a long time until maturity, long-term bonds will rise more. So, when interest rates fall, which bonds and government bonds should you invest in? Long-term government bonds. And if it's the opposite, then short-term, right? Yes, that seems to be the case. The second one was about gold. So, gold is considered a stable asset compared to what we talked about earlier, which is currency. So, if the currency value falls, the value of gold will rise, right? What do we call it when the currency value decreases? That's inflation, right? So, when inflation gets stronger and prices rise a lot, that's when the currency value decreases, so the value of gold will rise.

It doesn't always hold true, but generally, you can consider it that way. Now, the U.S. dollar. When we talk about the U.S. dollar, it may refer to the value of the U.S. dollar itself, but usually from our perspective, we are talking about the exchange rate against the Korean won. So, the U.S. dollar, in other words, the exchange rate, is strictly determined by supply and demand. Therefore, in our country, what are we very good at? Exporting is crucial for us. When exports are successful, how do we receive the export payments? In dollars. Then, if there are more dollars coming into our country, the demand for buying dollars will decrease because there won't be a shortage of dollars. As a result, the dollar exchange rate will not rise significantly. So, typically, if our country is facing economic difficulties, has to import a lot, and is not doing well in exports, inevitably, the U.S. dollar will rise. Therefore, think about the fact that when the U.S. dollar rises, it's primarily due to this. IMF.

There have been times when our country faced the most difficulties. For example, what happened to the exchange rate of the US dollar? It increased significantly, up to 2,000 won, and then during the 2008 financial crisis, our country faced challenges again, causing the dollar to rise. Recently, due to the corona pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war, we had to import a lot and our exports were not doing well. During these times, the dollar went up again. So, whenever we need a lot of dollars, the exchange rate goes up without fail. You don't need to memorize this, just understand it. For example, in exams, when thinking about bond prices, you can judge them by keywords like interest rates, inflation. Lastly, regarding the dollar, it is closely related to our country's exports. If you look at exports, it always aligns correctly.

But it's not totally wrong. It's somewhat accurate. So if I have some money now, how much do I have? Not a lot, but let's say I have 10 million KRW. In that case, if I decide to start investing, what percentage should I allocate? Then, like you mentioned earlier, divide the eggs. Yes, let's create broad categories for allocation. There will be investment assets like stocks, then there will be safe assets like bonds, and as we talked about earlier, there's gold, which is considered an alternative investment. So, let's divide them into these three groups. With 10 million KRW, since it's a significant amount for me, I would like to focus more on safety. So, I might allocate around 30% to stock-type assets. However, within that, there will be domestic stocks and also international stocks.

The story seeps into various assets, right? Oh, like the moon, right? Yes, and then there are bonds. Bonds account for about 60%. So, 60% of bonds are divided into domestic bonds and foreign bonds. The remaining 10% goes into gold. So, inside, there are safe assets like bonds, safe assets like the US dollar, and safe assets like gold. These are what make up the portfolio. However, if Taehyun doesn't invest a lump sum of 10 million won but, for example, invests 500,000 won monthly, like a savings account, more elegantly expressed as a monthly installment investment, usually. Investing a fixed amount every month. By doing this, you can add a bit more profitability. So, you can increase the proportion of stocks in your assets.

Combining Korean stocks and foreign stocks, it's a bit scary, like 50%. But if I buy now, what if it goes down? But next month, more money will come in. Then, I can buy more at a lower stock price. Oh, I heard a professional term. Average price, right? So, by dividing and investing, you can secure a very advantageous position. Therefore, I recommend 50% of your stock assets. It will include domestic stocks and foreign stocks, which will be invested in dollars. Then, domestic bonds and foreign bonds will be reduced from here, about 25%. So, the remaining 25%, what will go in? Gold, maybe? But when you talk, do you increase the proportion of foreign stocks or foreign bonds a bit more?

Is it the influence of the dollar after all? There is an influence of that, but let me give you a realistic explanation. The stock market in Korea has grown significantly, exceeding 2,000 trillion won, even surpassing 2,200 trillion won. However, the weight it holds in the global stock market is not that significant, around 1%. So, it fluctuates between 1-2%. In a very objective view, it's still not in a prominent position that catches much attention. Therefore, I recommend focusing more on overseas stock markets, especially advanced markets, rather than the Korean stock market. Oh, is it like playing in deep waters? Understood. You have set up the portfolio like this, so if we summarize, representative safe assets include gold, bonds, and dollars. You mentioned that for beginners, it might be better to invest in concrete assets considering safety and profitability, right?

Beginners often worry a lot, but actually, as you mentioned, if they learn and try investing themselves, some of the worries may diminish. It seems like it's not that difficult. Investing in safe assets, right? And, Vice President, since you have also set up a portfolio for us, it would be helpful for those who invest in monthly installment plans or for those who invest a lump sum. Just saving our monthly salary won't lead us to financial freedom. By trying out investments like this, we can gain experience while rolling and growing our money. Thank you, Vice President Jo Jaeyoung, for your help. Thank you. See you next time. Goodbye.

안전자산 3개로 업고 튀어 (ft.금, 채권, 달러 포트폴리오)｜돈워리 MZ

돈걱정 날려보자

#돈워리 #재테크 #세테크 #절세 #투자

돈워리

면세 투자 가이드: 의료, 의약품 및 투자

치료는 의사에게, 약은 약사에게, 투자는 투자 전문가에게 받아야 합니다.

금에 투자할 때는 10%의 부가가치세 및 기타 관련 비용을 고려하는 것이 중요하며, 일부 은행의 골드뱅킹을 이용하면 이를 피할 수 있습니다.

한국거래소는 최근 금 거래를 더욱 활성화하고 세금을 피할 수 있도록 금 시장을 개설했습니다.

한국에서 금과 국채를 거래할 때의 혜택

한국 정부는 금 거래자에게 세금 감면 혜택을 제공하고 있으며, 면세 거래도 가능합니다.

한국금거래소는 직접 또는 증권사를 통해 금을 거래할 수 있는 편리한 플랫폼을 제공합니다.

한국의 국채는 증권사를 통해 직접 구매하거나 채권형 펀드를 통해 간접적으로 구매할 수 있으며, 개인 투자자를 위한 전용 국채는 더 높은 금리와 별도의 과세를 제공하는 이점이 있습니다.

달러 예금 계좌를 개설하여 환차익과 높은 이자율의 혜택을 누려보세요.

달러로 평가되는 미국 재무부 채권이나 주식에 투자하면 달러 상승에 따른 수익을 얻을 수 있습니다.

수익을 극대화하려면 달러로 평가되는 다양한 자산에 분산 투자하는 것이 좋습니다.

국채와 금에 투자하기: 빠른 가이드

금리가 하락하면 국채 가격이 상승하므로 이때는 장기 국채에 투자하는 것이 가장 좋습니다.

금은 안정적인 자산으로 간주되며 통화 가치가 하락할 때, 일반적으로 인플레이션이 발생하면 가치가 상승하는 경향이 있습니다.

수요와 공급에 의해 결정되는 미국 달러의 가치는 국가가 경제적 어려움에 직면하고 수입 수요가 많을 때 상승하는 경향이 있습니다.

미국 달러 환율에 대한 외부 요인의 영향

미국 달러 환율은 2008년 금융 위기, 코로나 팬데믹, 러시아-우크라이나 전쟁과 같은 주요 사건의 영향을 크게 받아 수입 수요가 증가하고 수출이 감소하는 시기에 상승했습니다.

1,000만 원을 투자할 경우 주식형 자산(국내외 주식 포함) 30%, 채권(국내외 포함) 60%, 금 10%로 배분해 안전성에 중점을 두고 투자할 수 있습니다.

또는 월 분할 투자의 경우 매월 일정 금액을 투자할 수 있어 자산 배분에서 주식 비중을 높여 잠재적으로 수익성을 높일 수 있습니다.

투자 포트폴리오 다각화하기: 가이드

국내외 주식에 50%, 채권에 25%, 나머지 25%는 금이나 달러와 같은 안전자산에 투자하여 투자 포트폴리오를 다각화하면 안정적 포지션을 확보할 수 있습니다.

글로벌 시장 비중이 낮은 국내 주식 시장보다는 해외 주식 시장, 특히 선진국 주식 시장에 더 집중하는 것이 좋습니다.

안전자산에 투자하는 것은 초보자가 투자 경험을 쌓으면서 안전성과 수익성을 확보할 수 있는 좋은 전략입니다.