미국과 한국의 은퇴 연령 및 계획

### 은퇴 연령과 계획 한국과 미국의 비교
* 🇰🇷 한국의 평균 은퇴 연령은 **50.5세로, 예상 은퇴 연령인 65세보다 10년이나 빠릅니다.**
* 🇰🇷 **52.5%의 가구가 은퇴 준비를 시작하지 않은 것**으로 나타나, 소득 부족으로 인해 경제적 준비에 어려움을 겪고 있습니다.
* 🇰🇷 은퇴 후 필요한 월 평균 생활비는 **기본 생활비 251만 원, 안락한 생활비 369만 원**으로 조사되었습니다.
* 🇰🇷 국민연금은 한국에서 가장 보편적인 노후 준비 수단으로, 많은 사람이 **노후 생활비의 상당 부분을 국민연금**으로 충당할 것으로 예상하고 있습니다.
* 🇺🇸 미국에서는 **60세, 62세, 65세, 70세의 은퇴 연령**이 일반적이며, 각 연령에 따라 다양한 혜택이 제공됩니다.
* 🇺🇸 401k 및 403k 플랜을 포함한 미국 개인 연금 제도는 **비과세 저축과 주식 시장 투자를 허용**하며, 많은 은퇴자가 연금을 **"백만장자 연금"**으로 간주하고 있습니다.
* 🇺🇸 사회 보장 혜택은 **62세부터 신청**할 수 있으며 **70세에 전체 혜택**을 받을 수 있으므로 더 많은 혜택을 받으려면 은퇴를 늦추는 것이 유리합니다.
* 🇺🇸 미국 연기금은 주로 시가총액 기준 상위 5개 기업에 투자하고 있으며, **미국 가계 자산의 32%에 해당하는 총 38조 4천억 달러(은퇴 자산 포함)**를 보유하고 있습니다.

미국의 연기금은 주로 글로벌 상위 5대 기업에 투자하는 반면, 한국은 부동산이 자산의 63%를 차지해 노후에 대한 불안감이 커지고 있습니다.

In the United States, pension funds are mostly invested in the top 5 companies in the world by market capitalization. The top 5 companies in the world by market capitalization are Apple, Microsoft, Nvidia, Google, and Amazon. In the case of Korea, 63% of assets are concentrated in real estate. Even if people want to work more now, there are no job opportunities. Since retirement planning starts at the age of 45, I think this is a big concern. Hello, this is Lee Yuri, a Korean American attorney handling U.S. visa applications. For those of you considering retirement among those inquiring about U.S. permanent residency, let's compare the retirement age difference between Korea and the United States. First, when do people in Korea and the United States typically retire and at what age? Let's find out the average retirement age. According to the 2023 KB Financial Group Management Research Report, the average retirement age for Korean households is 50.5 years old.

The average retirement age is 65, which is about 10 years earlier than expected. The analysis results show that the period for economic preparation for retirement is shorter than expected. In a situation where the period for economic preparation has decreased, 52.5% of households have not started preparing for retirement. It is said that the average age to start economic preparation is 45. As for the reasons that hinder economic preparation for retirement, more than half of the respondents answered that it is due to insufficient income. After retirement, the necessary minimum living expenses and adequate living expenses are divided into two categories. For basic living expenses in retirement, it seems like around 2.51 million won per month would be needed. They are considering around 3.69 million won per month as an adequate living expense, which would include traveling, leisure activities, and giving allowances to grandchildren. Considering the current household income, expenses, and savings capacity among the adequate living expenses of 3.69 million won per month, it is expected that retirement expenses can be met.

The average monthly living expenses in South Korea per household are around 2.12 million won, which falls short of the minimum monthly living expenses of about 2.51 million won by approximately 400,000 won. When preparing for retirement living expenses, the majority of South Koreans utilize the National Pension as the top method, followed by private pensions. Many people believe that pensions will cover a significant portion of their retirement expenses. In the United States, retirement ages can be predicted at 60, 62, 65, and 70. I will now explain why many Americans retire during these periods. Firstly, in the U.S., individuals can start using private pension systems like the 401k and 403k without penalties once they reach the age of 59 and a half. The U.S. private pension system can be seen as a mix of Korea's corporate pension and individual pensions within a certain range.

Inside, it exempts all federal income taxes. In the case of the United States, the higher the income and income tax rate, the more savings are made up to tax-free designation to save taxes. Through 401k, these savings go into funds, and these funds are structured to continuously enter the U.S. stock market, so in the long run, the U.S. stock market can continue to rise. For example, now it's about 1.3 billion dollars with just one million dollars. If you put this one million dollars into a 401k or 403k individual pension, the annual rate of return is about 4%. It amounts to about $40,000 in interest alone. If you have saved diligently until the age of 59 and a half, you may consider retirement at 60. Next is 62. In Korea, it corresponds to the National Pension, while in the United States, there is Social Security. Social Security can be received early from the age of 62.

I mentioned that it is similar to the National Pension, but in our country, the system is that the National Pension deducts 4.5% of my monthly salary, which the company bears, and 4.5% is deducted from my salary, totaling 9% of the monthly salary to the National Pension. However, in the United States, 6.2% is covered by the company, and I contribute 6.2%, totaling 12.4% of the monthly salary, which accumulates as the U.S. National Pension every month. If you retire early, the pension amount decreases. Earlier, I mentioned our personal pension, the 401k, which has enough assets. If a couple each receives their own Social Security separately, they may consider retiring at 62. Most people retire at 65. At 65, Americans retire, which is when the U.S. public health insurance, Medicare, starts. You may know that U.S. health insurance is notoriously bad.

Many people seem to retire at the age of 65, when the burden decreases significantly. However, those who truly want to receive a substantial pension retire at 70. Because if you retire at 70, the U.S. Social Security benefits will be maximized. If you haven't worked your whole life, but focused on household chores after marriage, your spouse will also receive 50% of the pension. This can be received after turning 70. If you claim Social Security before that, you cannot receive it. Once you turn 70, you can receive Medicare coverage and pension benefits, making it the best benefit. That's why many people retire at 70. I would like to talk about the U.S. pension system. Most U.S. pensions are invested in the top 5 companies by market capitalization worldwide. The top 5 companies by market capitalization include Apple as the leader.

Microsoft, Nvidia, Google, and Amazon are American companies. Now, major shareholders are asset management companies in the United States, such as Vanguard, Fidelity, and BlackRock. They own a significant portion of American companies. Asset management companies in the United States invest in American companies with American pension funds. These American companies have total assets ranging from the first to the fifth in the world. BlackRock, the top asset management company, and Vanguard are among them. One of the main purposes is the retirement funds of Americans. According to the Investment Company Institute (ICI), about 32% of U.S. household assets, totaling $38.4 trillion as of the end of 2023, include retirement assets. Through pension funds, individual retirement accounts, and stock investments, Americans indirectly invest in leading U.S. companies to accumulate retirement assets. Well, in the United States, this is the situation.

There is an expression, a millionaire pension. I have a pension of one million dollars. How many people do you think have it? There are 688,000 people. In the case of Korea, 63% of the assets of stores are concentrated in real estate. This is based on the year 2022, but in my opinion, it seems like it would have increased rather than decreased. The annual savings amount for domestic stores is about 200 trillion won, and a significant amount of funds are reinvested in real estate every year. In the United States, the retirement age is increasing to 60, 62, 65, and 70, but the criteria are how I can receive some pension benefits. Compared to using this as a basis for judgment, Korea is not in that situation. Even if I want to work more now, there are no job opportunities. Since retirement planning starts at the age of 45, I think this is a big concern for me. There are really good companies in the United States, so the United States is practically an investment and stock market.

The market is going up, my pension keeps increasing, but I don't think Korea is in that situation right now. Even in our country, in order to retire, we need to manage our assets well. It seems like there should be a social consensus on this issue, and it's a serious time for a discussion on how our national pension should be used. Today's video looked into the retirement age difference and reasons between the U.S. and Korea. I will come back with more videos that will be helpful to you. Thank you for watching today's video.

한국과 미국의 은퇴 어떻게 다를까? 은퇴 제도 비교 (은퇴 연령 비교, 은퇴 후 삶, 은퇴 준비, 은퇴자금)

미국투자이민 1위 기업 국민이주(주) | 고객과 함께 더 큰 세상을 향하여

국민이주 | 2004년 설립된 외교부 등록 법인
▶해외 영주권과 비자 서비스를 전문적으로 돕는 이민 컨설팅 회사
▶미국 영주권부터 정착까지 법률•금융•세무 원스탑 서비스

현명한 투자자들의 안전한 선택, 국민이주
- 미국투자이민 1위 기업 - 7년 연속 미국투자이민 국내 최다 수속, 승인
- 해외 투자/사업 이민 주력 20년 노하우
- 투자자 전원 100% 원금상환 실적
- IIUSA 협회와 이민 변호사 협회 공식 외국변호사 그룹, 한국/미국 공인회계사
- 국내 업계 유일 네이버 지식백과의 '세계비자백과' 컨텐츠 단독 제공

상담문의 : 02-563-5638

국민이주

미국의 연기금은 주로 상위 5대 글로벌 기업에 투자하는 반면, 한국은 자산의 63%를 부동산에 투자하고 있습니다.

5세로 미국보다 10년 이상 빠릅니다.

은퇴 준비 기간이 짧고 은퇴 준비를 시작하지 않은 가구가 절반을 넘기 때문에 부족한 소득이 은퇴 준비의 가장 큰 걸림돌로 작용하고 있습니다.

한국과 미국의 은퇴 비용 및 연금 제도

한국의 월 평균 생활비는 최소 필요 금액보다 낮아 부족한 부분을 채워야 합니다.

한국인은 은퇴 비용을 충당하기 위해 국민연금과 개인연금에 크게 의존하고 있습니다.

미국의 경우, 은퇴 연령은 401k 및 403k와 같은 사적 연금 시스템을 벌금 없이 이용할 수 있고 62세부터 소셜 시큐리티를 받을 수 있는 옵션에 영향을 받는 경우가 많습니다.

미국 연금 제도: 불입금, 은퇴 연령 및 혜택

미국 국민연금 제도는 직원과 회사 모두 월급의 6.

미국인들은 종종 65세에 은퇴하여 메디케어 수급 자격이 되는 것을 고려하지만, 70세에 은퇴하면 사회보장 혜택을 최대화할 수 있습니다.

일을 하지 않은 은퇴자도 배우자 연금의 50%를 받을 수 있지만, 70세가 되어야만 받을 수 있습니다.

미국 연금의 대부분은 상위 5대 글로벌 기업에 투자되고 있으며, 그 선두에는 Apple이 있습니다.

미국 비즈니스와 은퇴에서 자산 관리 회사의 역할

마이크로소프트, 엔비디아, 구글, 아마존과 같은 미국의 주요 기업들은 뱅가드, 피델리티, 블랙록과 같은 자산 관리 회사가 상당 부분 소유하고 있습니다.

이러한 자산 관리 회사는 2023년 기준 총 38조 4,000억 달러에 달하는 미국인의 은퇴 자산을 미국 상위 기업에 투자하는 데 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있습니다.

이들 회사의 영향력은 미국 투자 및 주식 시장의 핵심 요소이지만, 미국의 은퇴 계획과 기회는 한국과는 다릅니다.

미국과 한국의 은퇴 계획의 차이점

미국은 연금 시장이 번창하면서 연금이 증가하고 있지만 한국은 상황이 다릅니다.

은퇴 후 자산을 효과적으로 관리하기 위한 사회적 합의가 필요하며, 국민연금의 활용에 대한 진지한 논의가 필요한 시점입니다.

이 영상은 미국과 한국의 은퇴 연령 차이와 그 이유를 살펴보고, 시청자들에게 이 주제의 중요성을 강조했습니다.