성공을 위한 원칙: 개인 진화를 위한 가이드

성공한 개인은 현실을 받아들이고 실수로부터 배우며 신중한 의사 결정을 통해 진화합니다.

### 성공을 위한 원칙 자기 발견과 성장의 여정
* 🧠 내레이터는 성공을 위해 **스스로 생각**하고 현실을 받아들이는 것이 중요하다고 강조하며 자신의 인생 원칙을 공유합니다.
* 🔑 그는 올바른 결정을 내리기 위한 **5단계 프로세스**로 **목표 파악, 문제 파악, 근본 원인 진단, 계획 설계, 실행**을 설명합니다.
* 💥 내레이터는 1982년 파산할 뻔한 큰 실수를 저질렀던 큰 좌절을 회상하며 **겸손과 실패로부터 배우는 것의 중요성**을 강조합니다.
* 🌌 그는 우주를 끊임없이 움직이는 기계로 보는 자신의 관점에 대해 이야기하며, **더 나은 결정을 내리기 위해서는 사물이 어떻게 작동하는지 이해하는 것**이 중요하다고 강조합니다.
* 🤝 내레이터는 다양한 관점을 추구하고 사물을 다르게 보는 다른 사람들과 협력하여 **자존심과 사각지대의 장벽을 극복하는 것의 가치**를 강조합니다.
* 🌟 성공은 개인적인 진화의 지속적인 과정으로 묘사되며, 화자는 결국 **자신의 개인적인 성공보다 임무의 성공과 타인의 안녕**을 더 중요하게 여깁니다.
* 🔄 내레이터는 청취자들이 이러한 원칙을 자신의 삶에 적용하도록 독려하며, **만족스러운 인생 여정을 만드는 데 있어 투쟁과 진화의 중요성**을 강조합니다.

- [Narrator] Principles For Success. An ultra mini-series adventure in 30 minutes, and in eight episodes. Episode one, The Call to Adventure. Before we begin, let me just establish the fact that I don't know much relative to what I need to know. Whatever success I've had in life has had more to do with my knowing how to deal with my not knowing than anything I know. That I should be telling other people what to do sounds kind of presumptuous to me, but I'm going to do it, because I believe that the principles that have made me successful could help others achieve their own goals. I'm now at a stage in my own life in which it is much more important to me to pass along what I've learned about how to be successful than to seek more success for myself. What you choose to do with these principles is up to you. You have to be an independent thinker, because only you can develop your own principles.

based on your own values. This brings me to my first and most fundamental principle, which is that you need to think for yourself about what is true. So let's get started. Early on, I discovered I needed principles. Principles are smart ways for handling things that happen over and over again in similar situations. There are principles for everything, from skiing to parenting to cooking, and so on. I'm going to share some of my most important, overarching life principles that influence how we approach everything that we do. I didn't start out with principles. I acquired them over a lifetime of experiences. Mostly, from making mistakes and reflecting on them. My life principles are simple, but they're not complete. I still struggle to make the best decisions, and I still make mistakes and learn new principles all the time. This is the reality. At the beginning, I needed to escape the conventions that surrounded me,

which meant that I needed to think for myself. Unless you want to have a life that is directed by others, you need to decide for yourself what to do, and you need to have the courage to do it. But I didn't know that at first. I only learned that from going on my adventure. Looking back on my own journey, I now see that time is like a river that carries us forward into encounters with reality that require us to make decisions. We can't stop our movement down this river, and we can't avoid the encounters. We can only approach them in the best possible way. In your lifetime, you will face millions of decisions. The quality of your decisions will determine the quality of your life. Over the course of my lifetime, the most valuable things I've learned were the results of mistakes I reflected on to help form principles so I wouldn't make the same mistakes again. These principles took me from being a very ordinary

middle-class kid from Long Island to becoming very successful, as judged by conventional measures. They also gave me the meaningful work and meaningful relationships that I value even more than these conventional successes. People often ask me how I did it. I can assure you it wasn't because of my uniqueness as a person. It was the result of a unique approach to life I believe almost anybody can adopt. It starts with embracing reality and dealing with it. The path you take in life is your most important decision. In my case, I wanted my life to be great, and I feared boredom and mediocrity more than I feared failure. Since I didn't start out with money, and I didn't need much more than a bed to sleep in and food to eat, I could skew my decisions to pursue my adventures. So ever since I was a kid, I ran after the things I wanted, crashed, got up and ran again, and crashed again, and each time I crashed, I learned something,

got better and crashed less. By doing that over and over again, I learned to love this process, even the crashing part of it. Through it, I encountered reality, and I learned how to deal with it, which inspired another one of my most fundamental principles, which is that truth is the essential foundation for producing good outcomes. By truth, I don't mean anything more than the way the world works. I believe that we were given the laws of reality by nature. Humans didn't create them, but we can use them to foster our own evolution and achieve our goals. Realizing that made me a hyper-realist, by which I mean I became someone who has discovered the great rewards of deeply understanding, accepting, and working with reality as it is, and not as I wish it would be. When I say I'm a hyper-realist, people sometimes think I'm saying that dreams can't come true. That's absolutely not true. Without pursuing dreams, life is mundane.

What I mean is that, to me, hyper-realism is the best way to choose one's dreams and then achieve them. Having big dreams, plus embracing reality, plus having lots of determination will bring you a successful life. I believe this formula is true for everyone. But what does a successful life look like? We each have to decide for ourselves what success is. I don't care whether you want to be a master of the universe or to live under a palm tree, or anything else. I really don't. Each of us chooses goals based on our values and decides on the best path to achieve them. But we all need approaches to making decisions that work well, especially when facing problems, mistakes, and weaknesses that stand in our way. To succeed, we must embrace all our realities, especially the harsh realities that we wish weren't true. At first, looking at these harsh realities caused me a lot of pain.

But I learned that this pain was just psychological, and that my seeing things differently made all the difference. I came to view problems like puzzles that would reward me if I could solve them. They would help me deal with the problem at hand, and they would give me principles for dealing with similar problems in the future. I learned to treat pain as a cue that a great learning opportunity is at hand, which led me to realize that pain plus reflection equals progress. Meditation has been invaluable in helping me see things that way. I found that when I calmed myself down and embraced my realities, and dealt with them, the rewards brought me pleasure, and the pain faded. Each of us has the unique capability to think logically, to reflect on ourselves, and our circumstances, and to direct our own personal evolution. Doing this well is just a matter of following a simple five-step process. (warm music) We've discussed how important it is

to reflect carefully after experiencing pain. When I did this, I was usually able to discover principles that would prevent me from repeating the same mistakes in the future. And I could see that being successful simply consisted of five steps. Step one is to know your goals and run after them. What is best for you depends on your nature, so you need to really understand yourself and know what you want to achieve in life. Step two is to encounter the problems that stand in the way of getting to your goals. These problems are typically painful. If handled badly, some of them can lead to your ruin. But to evolve, you need to identify those problems and not tolerate them. Step three is to diagnose these problems to get at their root causes. Don't jump too quickly to solutions. Take a step back and reflect in order to really distinguish the symptoms from the disease. Step four is to design a plan to eliminate the problems. This is where you will determine

what you need to do to get around them. And step five is to execute those designs, pushing yourself to do what's needed to progress toward your goal. A successful life essentially consists of doing these five steps over and over again. This is your personal evolution, and you see this process everywhere. It's just a law of nature. Think of any product, any organization, or any person you know, and you will see that this is true for them. Evolution is simply a process of either adapting or dying. Conceptually, it looks just like the five-step process I've described. As you push through this often painful process, you'll naturally ascend to higher and higher levels of success. I found that when I did it better, my struggling never became easier, because the more capable I became, the greater the challenges I would take on. Because different people are strong and weak at different things, most people can't do all five steps well.

Not facing this reality means you could stretch further than you should. And as the heights get greater, your falls could also be greater. (wind howling) Sometimes terrible things happen to all of us in life. They can ruin us, or they can profoundly improve us depending on how we handle them. Something like this happened to me in 1982. We progress forward until we encounter setbacks. Whether or not we get out of them and continue forward or spiral downward depends on whether or not we're willing to face the failure objectively, and make the right decisions to turn the loop upward again. Something terrible happened to me in 1982, when I bet everything on a depression that never came. (crashing) (birds chirping) The period between 1979 and 1982 was one of extreme turbulence, for the global economy, the markets, and for me. And I believed that the US economy,

with the world economy tied to it, was headed toward a catastrophe. This view was extremely controversial. I wanted the great upside, and very publicly took a big risk and was wrong, dead wrong. After a delay, the stock market began a big bull market that lasted 18 years, and the US economy enjoyed the greatest growth period in its history. This experience was like a blow to my head with a baseball bat. I had to cut my losses so that my company, Bridgewater, was left with one employee, me. (door slams) (paper shuffles) I was so broke, I had to borrow $4,000 from my dad to pay my bills. But even worse was having to let go of the people I cared so much about. I wondered whether I should give up my dream of working for myself and play it safe by working for someone else in a job that would require me to put on a tie and commute every day. Though I knew that for me, taking less risk

would mean having a less great life. Being so wrong, and especially being so publicly wrong, was painfully humbling. I am still shocked and embarrassed by how arrogant I was in being totally confident in a totally incorrect view. Though I had been right much more than I had been wrong, I let one bad bet erase all my good ones. (dramatic orchestral music) I thought very hard about the relationship between risk and reward, and how to manage them. But I couldn't see a path forward that would give me the rewards I wanted without unacceptable risk. This kind of experience happens to everyone. It will happen to you. You will lose something, or someone you think you can't live without. Or you will suffer a terrible illness or injury, or your career will fall apart before your eyes. You might think that your life is ruined, and there's no way to go forward. But it will pass. I assure you that there is always a best path forward,

and you probably just don't see it yet. You just have to reflect well to find it. You have to embrace your reality. Sometimes things happen that are hard to understand. Life often feels so difficult and complicated, it's too much to take in all at once. My deep pain led me to reflect deeply on my circumstances. It also led me to reflect on nature, because it provides a guide for what's true. So I thought a lot about how things work, which helped to put me, and my own circumstances, in perspective. I saw that at the big bang, all the laws and forces of the universe were created and propelled forward, interacting with each other as a perpetual motion machine, in which all the bits and pieces coalesce into machines that work for a while, fall apart, and then coalesce into new machines. This goes on into eternity. I saw that everything is a machine. The structure and evolution of galaxies,

the formation of our own solar system, the make-up of Earth's geography and ecosystems, our economies and markets, and each of us. We individually are machines, made up of different machines. Our circulatory system, our nervous system, that produce our thoughts, our dreams, our emotions, and all the other aspects of our distinct characters. All of these different machines evolve together through time to produce the realities we encounter every day. And I realized that I was just one tiny bit in one nanosecond, deciding what I should do. While that perspective might sound very philosophical, I found that it was very practical because it showed me how I could deal with my own realities in a better way. For example, I observed that most everything happens over and over again in slightly different ways. Some in obvious short-term cycles that are easy to recognize, so we know how to deal with them, like the 24-hour day.

Some so infrequently that they haven't occurred in our lifetimes, and we're shocked when they do, like the once in a 100-year storm. And some we know exist, but are encountering for the first time, like the birth of our first child. Most people mistakenly treat these situations as being unique, and deal with them without having proper perspective or principles to help them get through them. I found that if instead of dealing with these events as one-offs, I could see each as just another one of those, and approach them in the same way a biologist might approach an animal. First, identifying its species, then drawing on principles for dealing with it appropriately. Because I could see these events transpire in pretty much the same ways over and over, I could more clearly see the cause-effect relationships that govern their behaviors, which allowed me to develop better principles that I could express in both words and algorithms. I learned that while most everyone expects the future

to be a slightly modified version of the present, it is typically very different. That's because people are biased by recent history and overlook events that haven't happened in a long time, perhaps not even in their lifetime. But they will happen again. With that perspective, I realized that what I missed when I mistakenly called for a great depression was hidden in the patterns of history, and I could use my newfound knowledge of these patterns to make better decisions in the future. And when I thought about my challenge, balancing risk and reward, I realized that risk and reward naturally go together. I could see that to get the most out of life, one has to take more risk, and that knowing how to appropriately balance risk and reward is essential to having the best life possible. Imagine you were faced with the choice of having a safe, boring life if you stay where you are, or having a fabulous one if you take the risk.

of successfully crossing a dangerous jungle. That is essentially the choice we all face. For me, the choice was clear, but that doesn't mean the path forward was without challenges. I still needed to face two big barriers that we all must face. (peaceful music) I can't tell you which path in life is best for you because I don't know how important it is for you to achieve big goals relative to how important it is for you to avoid the pains required to get them. This is the courage I spoke of earlier, and we each have to feel these things out for ourselves. After my big mistake in calling for a depression, I had come to one of life's forks in the road, as we all do. If I made the choice to take a normal job and play it safe, I would have ended up with a very different life than the one I had. (door slams) (paper shuffles)

But as long as I could pay the rent, put food on the table, and educate my kids, the only choice for me was to risk crossing the jungle in pursuit of the best life possible. My big mistake in betting on a depression gave me a healthy fear of being wrong. In other words, it gave me deep humility, which was exactly what I needed. At the same time, it didn't stop me from aggressively going after the things I wanted. To succeed, I needed to see more than I alone could see. (strikes match) (flame hisses) But standing in my way of doing that were the two biggest barriers everyone faces: our ego and blind spot barriers. These barriers exist because of how our brains work. First, let's explore the ego barrier. When I refer to your ego barrier, I'm talking about the parts of your brain that prevent you from acknowledging your weaknesses objectively, so that you can figure out how to deal with them.

Your deepest-seated needs and fears reside in areas of your brain that control your emotions and are not accessible to your higher-level conscious awareness. And because our need to be right can be more important than our need to find out what's true, we like to believe our own opinions without properly stress-testing them. We especially don't like to look at our mistakes and weaknesses. We are instinctively prone to react to explorations of them as though they're attacks. We get angry, even though it would be more logical for us to be open to feedback from others. This leads to our making inferior decisions, learning less, and falling short of our potentials. The second is the blind spot barrier. Everyone has blind spots. The blind spot barrier is when a person believes he or she can see everything. But it's a simple fact that no one alone can see a complete picture of reality. Naturally, people can't appreciate what they can't see,

Just as we all have different ranges for singing, hearing pitch, and seeing colors, we have different ranges for seeing and understanding things. For example, while some people are better at seeing the big picture, others excel at seeing details. Some are linear thinkers, and others are more lateral. While some are creative but not reliable, others are reliable but not creative, and so on. Because of how our brains are wired differently, everyone perceives the world around them differently. By doing what comes naturally to us, we fail to account for our weaknesses and we crash. Either we keep doing that, or we change. Aristotle defined tragedy as a terrible outcome arising from a person's fatal flaw. A flaw that had it been fixed, would have instead led to a wonderful outcome. In my opinion, these two barriers are the main impediments that get in the way of good decision-making. (noble orchestral music)

Taking risks and occasionally being ruined wasn't acceptable, and neither was not taking risks and not having exceptional results. I needed an approach that would give me the exceptional upside without also giving me the exceptional downside. When I discovered it, it turned out to be my holy grail. To get it, I needed to replace the joy of being proven right with the joy of learning what's true. This need prompted me to seek out the most thoughtful people I could find who disagreed with me. I didn't care about their conclusions; I just wanted to see things through their eyes and to have them see things through my eyes so that together we could hash things out to discover what's true. In other words, what I wanted most from them was thoughtful disagreement. Going from seeing things through just my eyes to seeing things through the eyes of these thoughtful people was like going from seeing things in black and white to seeing them in color. (birds chirping)

The world lit up. (growling) (wings flapping) That's when I realized that the best way to go through the jungle of life is with insightful people who see things differently from me. Think about the five-step process I described earlier. As I said, because we are wired so differently, not everyone can do all the five steps well. But you don't have to do them all alone. You can get help from others who are good at what you're not, who are wired to perceive things you can't. All you need to do is let go of your attachment to having the right answers yourself, and use your fear of being wrong to become open-minded to these other views. In this way, you could point out the risks and opportunities that you would individually miss. I found that taking this radically open-minded approach and believability-weighting people's thinking significantly increased my probabilities of making the best decisions possible.

This enabled me to ascend to greater heights and greater challenges. In the past, I would have always wanted to do what I, myself, thought was best. But now I sought out the strongest independent thinkers I could find. I still do. There is nothing better to be on a shared mission with extraordinary people who can be radically truthful and radically transparent with each other. This approach led me to create a company with the unique idea meritocracy, operating in a unique way, that produced unique successes. In an idea meritocracy, you get the best of everybody. Everyone thinks independently, then we work through our disagreements to get at what's best. However, not every opinion is equally valuable. And we had to learn to distinguish between good ideas and bad ones to get the best decisions. In other words, we needed to believability-weight people's thinking. But that's another story I will explain in my work principles. Right now, there are many wonderful opportunities

and dangerous risks surrounding you that you don't see. If you saw them free of the distortions produced by your ego or your blind spots, you would be able to deal with them more effectively. If you could acquire this ability, and with practice you can, you will radically improve your life. So far I described how I learned to confront my own realities, my problems, my mistakes, and weaknesses. And how I surrounded myself with others who could do things better than I could. This was the most effective way I discovered for making great decisions. This is not the normal way of being, but through this approach, I became very successful. And being successful enabled me to meet extraordinarily successful people and see how they think. I've discovered that their journeys were similar to mine. You might not know it, but they all struggled, and they all have weaknesses that they all get around by working with people who see risks and opportunities that they would miss.

Over time, I learned that by nature, most people's greatest strengths are also connected to their most significant weaknesses. And striving hard for big things is bound to lead you to painful falls. It's just part of the process. Such setbacks will test you. They sort people. Some think hard about what caused their setbacks, learn lessons, and continue progressing toward their goals, while others decide that this game is not for them and get off the field. I've come to realize that success is not a matter of attaining one's goals. I've found that when I reached each new higher level of success, I rarely remained satisfied. The things we are striving for are just the bait. Struggling to get them forces us to evolve, and it is this struggle toward personal evolution with others that is the reward. I no longer wanted to get across the jungle but instead wanted to find greater and greater challenges to go after, surrounded by great people working together.

on a shared journey. Eventually, the success of the mission and the well-being of the people alongside me became more important than my own success. I also started to see beyond myself and wanted others to be successful when I'm no longer here. I realized that if I fail to do that, I will be a failure. I struggle with this now. We all struggle with different things at different times until we either choose to give up or until we die and become part of the larger evolutionary story. This is how all machines work and are recycled through time. When a machine breaks down, its parts go back into the system to become parts of new machines that also evolve through time. Sometimes this makes us sad because we become very attached to our machines. But if you look at it from the higher level, it's really beautiful to observe how the machine of evolution works. Now you must decide for yourself how you will evolve.

Forget about where these principles came from. Just assess whether or not they are useful to you, and evolve them to suit your own needs. As with all of life's decisions, what you do with them is ultimately up to you. My only hope for you is that you have the courage to struggle and evolve well to make your life as great as it can be. Thank you, and goodbye. (warm orchestral music)

Principles For Success by Ray Dalio (In 30 Minutes)

Principles by Ray Dalio

모험을 향한 부름: 성공을 위한 원칙

화자는 경험과 실수를 통해 삶의 원칙을 터득하는 여정을 공유하며 독립적인 사고와 개인적인 결정의 중요성을 강조합니다.

실수를 반성하여 원칙을 형성하는 것의 중요성과 이러한 원칙이 성공과 의미 있는 관계를 맺는 데 미치는 영향에 대해 강조합니다.

모험에 대한 열망과 평범함에 대한 두려움을 바탕으로 한 화자의 독특한 삶의 접근 방식은 그들의 개인적인 성장과 성공에 중요한 역할을 했습니다.

성공을 위한 현실 수용의 중요성

충돌과 학습의 과정을 받아들이는 것은 현실에 대한 깊은 이해로 이어지며, 이는 좋은 결과를 만들어내는 데 필수적인 토대가 됩니다.

연사는 현실에 대한 깊은 이해를 바탕으로 꿈을 선택하고 성취하는 초현실주의의 힘을 믿습니다.

성공적인 삶은 개별적으로 정의되며, 연사는 목표를 알고, 문제를 발견하고 진단하며, 문제를 해결하기 위한 계획을 설계하는 등 개인의 진화를 위한 5단계 프로세스를 설명합니다.

개인의 진화 과정에는 목표 설정, 계획 설계, 장애물 파악, 설계 실행, 과정 반복의 다섯 단계가 포함됩니다.

이러한 적응의 주기는 제품, 조직, 개인에게 나타나는 자연 법칙입니다.

좌절은 피할 수 없는 것이지만, 이를 어떻게 처리하느냐에 따라 발전과 성공의 여부가 결정됩니다.

저자는 자연에 대한 깊은 고통과 성찰을 통해 삶의 복잡성에 대한 관점을 얻었습니다.

우주의 끊임없는 움직임과 우리 자신을 포함한 모든 기계의 상호 연결성을 관찰했습니다.

반복되는 사건과 그 패턴을 인식함으로써 저자는 인생의 난관을 헤쳐나갈 수 있는 더 나은 원칙을 개발했습니다.

인생에서 위험과 보상의 균형 맞추기

사람들은 종종 의사 결정을 내릴 때 과거의 패턴을 간과하여 현재에 대한 편향된 관점을 갖게 됩니다.

만족스러운 삶을 위해서는 위험을 감수하는 것이 필수적이며, 위험과 보상의 균형을 맞추는 것이 중요합니다.

연사는 우울증을 예측한 실수를 통해 겸손과 약점을 인정하는 것의 중요성을 배우는 동시에 개인의 성장을 방해하는 자존심과 사각지대의 장벽을 강조했습니다.

의사 결정에 대한 감정적 장벽 극복하기

우리의 가장 깊은 욕구와 두려움은 의식적으로 인식할 수 없는 뇌 영역에 의해 통제되기 때문에 피드백에 저항하고 실수에 대해 방어적으로 반응하게 됩니다.

사람마다 지각의 사각지대가 있으며, 뇌의 배선 구조가 다르기 때문에 사람들은 세상을 독특한 방식으로 보고 이해하게 됩니다.

의사 결정을 개선하려면 사려 깊은 의견 차이를 찾고 다른 사람의 관점을 배워 궁극적으로 옳아야 한다는 욕구를 진실 추구로 대체하는 것이 필수적입니다.

저자는 다양한 관점을 가진 통찰력 있는 사람들과 함께 하는 것이 중요하다고 강조합니다.

모든 답을 알고자 하는 욕구를 버리고 다른 사람의 견해에 열린 자세를 취하면 놓칠 수 있는 위험과 기회를 파악할 수 있습니다.

이러한 접근 방식은 사람들의 사고에 신빙성을 부여하는 것과 결합하여 더 나은 의사 결정과 더 큰 성공으로 이어졌습니다.

대부분의 사람들은 자신의 가장 큰 장점과 가장 큰 약점이 연결되어 있으며, 큰 목표를 위해 노력하다 보면 종종 고통스러운 좌절을 겪게 됩니다.

성공은 목표를 달성하는 것이 아니라 투쟁에서 오는 개인적인 진화에 관한 것입니다.

집단적 성공에 초점을 맞추고 다른 사람의 진화를 도울 때 그 여정은 더욱 의미 있는 것이 됩니다.