예술과 지각에서의 색 상대성 이해

### 색 상대성 이론 이해: 예술의 사실성 향상
* 🎨 이 동영상에서 제레미는 색 온도와 함께 예술 작품에서 사실적인 색상을 구현하는 데 필수적인 **색 상대성 개념**에 대해 설명합니다.
* 🌈 색 상대성은 특히 **채도가 높은 영역**에서 효과적이며, 생생한 색상 표현을 위해 **색온도 사용**을 보완합니다.
* 👁 제레미는 착시 현상이 어떻게 색조와 값이 동일함에도 불구하고 눈을 속여 **다른 색으로 인식**하게 만드는지 설명합니다.
* 🎥 영화 '라따뚜이'에서의 경험을 바탕으로 **전경색과 배경색을 조정**하여 장면의 깊이와 분리를 만드는 방법에 대해 설명합니다.
* 🖌 그는 캔버스에서 흰색은 색 인식을 왜곡할 수 있으므로 피하는 것이 중요하다고 강조하며 **색의 상대성을 유지하기 위해 균일한 톤으로 시작**할 것을 제안합니다.
* 🌞 시청자가 다양한 조명 조건에서 눈의 색 조절을 관찰하여 **주변 환경에 따라 지각이 어떻게 변화하는지 이해할 수 있는 실험**이 제안되었습니다.
* 🖼 제레미는 **"회색은 마법이 일어나는 곳"**이라며 색 선택에 대한 미묘한 접근을 허용하는 색 상대성 이론의 미묘함을 탐구하도록 아티스트들을 독려하며 마무리합니다.
* 🎉 그는 **효과적인 팔레트 선택을 위한 색 상대성 이해의 중요성**을 강조하면서 시청자가 자신의 작품에 이러한 통찰력을 적용하도록 초대합니다.

색 상대성 이론은 색이 지각을 어떻게 변화시키는지 밝혀내 미묘한 조정을 통해 예술 작품의 사실감을 높여줍니다.

hi, my name is Jeremy, and on this channel, I talk about color and light. Today, I'd like to talk about color relativity. This is another powerful tool meshed alongside color temperature that I talked about in my last video. This is where the power of gray really exists, and this is how to get more realistic colors. The idea of color temperature is really great for super-saturated situations, and it's seen when you have strong colors. Color relativity is best in the deep saturated zone, so these two will complement each other in a way that I think should really help your artwork. So, you might have seen before optical illusions where you look at this sphere and this sphere. This one over here looks like it's a darker color than the one over here, and this is because your eye will perceive colors differently. They're actually the exact same color and the same value, but it's a trick that happens in your eyes. There are times where a color can look like something your eye will tell you it's one color like

If I look at this tone right here on, you know, the character's shirt and go, What color is that? I would say, I mean, that looks like a warm color in this blue background. But if I were to change this background and say, Well, what color is this right here, right along the shirt in the same place? And you would say, Well, that's like a purple color. But if I select it, it's actually the exact same color as was in the blue. So when you see this desaturated red color in a blue tone, it looks very warm. But when you see that same color, a desaturated red tone with a bunch of worms, now it looks cool. In my last video, I talked about how I learned a lot about color temperature from working on the film Ratatouille. And another thing that I learned on that film is about color relativity. I was working on this shot where the Director of Photography wanted the foreground to be really warm and the background to feel cooler to be able to separate the character. So you

can really see them in this background, and when I started working on it, we put in cold-colored lights, blue lights into the background, and it just really didn't work. It kind of looked something like this, and it was, yeah, it was too strong. It was like too many saturated colors. So, in order to give a more natural feel, what we did was we had warm lights in the foreground, and then we also had warm lights in the background that were just more desaturated. So, this is a tricky thing. It's also a very powerful thing. In order to make your art look cohesive, try here's an experiment for you. If you go outside on a sunny day and you cover one eye, look into the nut directly into the Sun. But if you look into a sunny place and then hold one hand over this other eye and just kind of like look into a Sunny Spot and hold that for maybe 30 seconds, then when you take this off, look at the difference in your eyes. Like, I can see it right now just in this room. There is

a color temperature difference. Your eye will try to white balance everything, so if it's very cool outside, it'll white balance and make everything warmer, and if it's very warm outside, it'll white balance and make everything cooler to try to find a level of white. Your perception of colors depends on your situation. I was working on The Incredibles, and there was a scene that I brought into the Director of Photography, and you know, she was like, Your scenes look too blue, way too blue. Why are yours blue and all of our monitors in the studio were calibrated exactly the same, so it should look the same at my desk as it did at her desk. And she's like, Your scenes just look so blue. So I kept compensating, and she's like, Let me come see your monitor. I think your monitor is broken. So she came to my desk and realized I had a red wall behind me, and the red wall was making a slight reflection of red onto my monitor, which made me overcompensate, you know, my colors because my eye was color

adjusting, and it was just this crazy thing. So, I had to paint the wall gray in order to be able to do my work. I have a friend who's an imagineer who does lighting at Disney theme parks, and he told me that they have to vary the colors because your eyes will adjust so quick to a new color that you'll lose the vibrancy and the saturation. So, as an example, the Pirates of the Caribbean ride is a very blue, strong color to make it very rich and vibrant, but if it was all the same blue, just a 20-30 seconds in, and those blues will settle in your eye and start looking gray and blah. So, they have to vary up the ride with warm tones to kind of go back and forth so that everything will still feel magical and vibrant the entire time. Another thing that I think is really interesting is if I'm sitting inside, my eyes will be adjusted to the lights on the inside, the warmer incandescent light on the inside, and outside the sky will look super

saturated blue right at that zone as the sun has just set, the blue hour. But if I walk outside, I saw this happening a few nights ago, so I snapped a picture with my phone. And then I walked outside, my phone color temperature balance to the cool light outside. And now the light that looked light to me on the inside is now very warm. And out here, it doesn't look so blue. The color temperature shift that will happen in my phone also happens in my eye. Okay, so I want to look at this image, gonna do a color study really quickly with you. I'm going to make it kind of rough. I'm not going to get into all the details, but I want to show you the power of this tool of color relativity. An image like this has a very beautiful color palette, and I can look here, and most people will say, Okay, I get that. There's kind of a yellow sky, and there's this haze, and there's some purples back here, and there's some

greens in the front, so let's go ahead and try painting this. Before I do any color picking, I have a brand new layer that I'm going to paint on. Common mistakes that I see is that people leave white on the canvas, and they'll just start painting a color that they find, and they'll say, Okay, I'm going to color over here, that's it. It needs to be more yellow, and I'm just going to keep painting over here until I find the right tones. But I highly suggest that you don't ever leave white on the canvas because of color relativity. It will look like a lighter color, or this yellow will look like a darker yellow on white than it will on the darker yellow. So I don't want to confuse my eye by leaving white on canvas, so I'm going to just flood this whole thing so that I'm working with that one tone overall and go, All right, I can already tell that I've got some of the tones in here. This is good enough as a start, and maybe in this

corner it goes kind of more yellow, well more saturated and more yellow up here. And I'm just going to paint really quickly. I'm also very light touch, you know, on my Wacom tablet, so I can just barely touch and just kind of add in a little bit of color. Okay, so if I look into the background and say what colors, what colors are down here. I know that there's like a darker color, kind of like this orangey type color, maybe like that something. But when I look at my eye, this looks like purple right back here, doesn't it? That little tree back there. So if I go and I say, let me pick what I think that color is, a light purple, make my brush a little smaller and paint this in. Ah, wait, okay, wait, uh, it's too strong. Okay, well, what about these greens? I'm gonna mix, I'm gonna pick some green because that's what I think I see. I'm gonna paint greens in here. Ah, this just looks like hyper color. Why does this look so bad? Okay, thing here is color relativity and

instead of moving my color into these greens and purples, I'm gonna, no, I'm gonna undo these. I'm going to try a different trick. If I know that a saturated color in front of a desaturated color will look different, maybe we can find our colors in a more subtle way. How do I pick that color of that purplish-looking tree in the background? What if I start with picking the color of my general warm tone, and instead of shifting it all the way to purple, I'm going to desaturate. And then on my color wheel, I'm going to shift it slightly. I'm going to lean a little bit towards the purple around the wheel. I'm going to go color temperature-wise towards purple. And now look, if I paint this color, and like, whoa, okay, now this is starting to look like what I'm seeing over here. This is no longer, this feels more correct than actually going all the way to purple. Let me try the same with these kind of like greenish-looking

tones, so I'm going to select again my color here and say, All right, well, what if I were to desaturate and lean towards green? Let me make this a little bit darker and desaturated here. Oh, maybe I leaned too far. Maybe it needs to be more subtle. Oh, I gotta discover these tones. Okay, this is getting into the range, sort of like this, these tones. This is a discovery process too along the way, but trying to find the right tones. Like maybe that's actually a little bit closer to what I think is these kind of greenish tones. And maybe as I get up into here, maybe some of that is a little bit more orange. Look like there's kind of like light back here, some oranges. Again, I'm staying really rough, and the idea here is to instead of going all the way to the colors, follow color temperature and just kind of lean a little bit one way or the other. So let me fill in here. I'm gonna go really fast just for the sake of this video because I don't want it to be too

long of a video, but I want the idea to come across of how powerful this is. And for down here, I am seeing more saturated oranges, a little bit more dark in here, so I'm going to pick again, being very subtle. They're not really that saturated, is it? It's just more, uh, just kind of a darker orange. And then this, a desaturate, and lean a little bit more towards green, but not actually turn green. But because of color relativity, it will look green to my eye. This is a hard concept to master. This is one that whenever I show people this, they're like mind-blown. This is amazing, but how do I apply it? Like, just take this as your tip for this one video. Try this kind of like slight lean, just a little bit in your paintings. It's amazing what you can do with the subtle color. You know, it's funny. I had an artist friend come to me one time and say, You know, what do you think of gray? Gray kind of sucks, doesn't it? Like, No, gray is

where the magic happens. A lot of things, you know, the saturated colors. Get those down first, like my color relativity video. Super saturated colors follow color temperature. That's cool, but this, this is where the subtlety can happen and the amazing thing. So gray, gray is an amazing area of just taking colors and desaturating them and leaning them slightly. So as I continue to paint in here, I'm just going to have different levels of saturation, desaturation, and it's going to give me this whole range of tones that feel cool or warm or purple or all these kind of different tones through here. And then I'm going to, for this color, this looks pretty green down here. So I'm actually going to lean even further. Notice the color is still in the orange zones. It's not actually green, it's orange. It's not even fully yellow, but on the canvas, this looks amazingly green. Make this darker and less saturated. Well, no, maybe a little bit more saturated just to get these tones in here, to find these colors. And I'm going to take that kind of color.

through here maybe this type of color through here, and then there's a really dark character in here. This is my initial blocking. It's really important to try to find all of the colors really quickly, and I mean I can refine these later. Maybe this type of tone is trees here. Let's just wiggle in some colors, and we can find uh trying to make this video fast is a little bit bigger, and this kind of comes up here [Music], and then this gets even brighter through here, and little bits through here. foreign another half an hour kind of refining this, and even that's too strong. Boy, these are really subtle tones, just trying to find just those right tones, man. Now I'm messing it up. I'm gonna undo this entire process. It's very iterative, and it takes work. It takes time, even with somebody who's done this for a really long time, finding those tones. Yeah, I'm just like going sloppy here. Then there's this one light strip across there, so I'll paint that in just to find that light strip.

and behind this guy, maybe along this edge, it needs to be darker. Foreign super crazy loose. This would be my first 10-minute draw-in on this just to find my colors, and then I can go in and I can add the extra shapes, and I can, you know, get the proportions right, and I can get the little fine details, make my brushes smaller, and get those little lines and all that kind of stuff in here as I kind of come in and do the final painting. But for now, hopefully, this is enough to show you the power of color relativity, that it can actually be a tool and not just an optical illusion. So, as you look and do more studies, pay attention to color temperature and how that color shifts as a light wraps around the surface of something. Pay attention to color relativity. Okay, now moment of truth. Let's go back and actually color pick from this original to see if my theory holds. Okay, that first tone, pay attention to the color wheel over here. Actually, I'm going to go to the big one. Watch the

color wheel over here, and this right here shows the hue, and this shows the level of if it comes over towards this line, it's desaturated, it comes towards this, and it's saturated, and then of course light and dark. So if I select through here and just kind of drag around, these are all yellows like we'd expect, a desaturated yellow color temperature as it gets brighter, more saturated, and shifts a little bit more towards orange, following color temperature. But when I select this, what looks like purple, it is just shifting a little bit more towards those purples, it's going towards red, it's leaning towards red into all these areas that kind of look purple. And I come up here to these areas that look green to me, and some of these just kind of like they shift, they're still yellow, but it's just a more green-yellow. Totally amazing. I love this piece of artwork, Alexandra Jacob, from about 100 years ago painted this, and there are some just really, really interesting looking at no matter where I

pick on this image the range of hues stay right here between yellow and orange and never shifts anywhere else. Even this green is orange. This color looks green to my eyes. Orange. This color that looks red to my eye. Well, it's red, but it's just kind of in that range. All the colors of this canvas merge beautifully together. And that, my friends, is another tool for you to consider. And the thing to start observing is the idea of color relativity and how you can use this in your art to kind of pick your palettes and choose your colors together. Thanks again for watching. I'll see you next time. Bye.

Power In The Grays

Lighting Mentor

색 상대성 이론은 색온도를 보완하여 사실적인 색상을 구현하는 강력한 도구입니다.

우리의 눈은 색을 다르게 인식하여 동일한 색이 뚜렷하게 보이는 착시 현상을 일으킵니다.

이 강연자는 영화 라따뚜이 작업에서 얻은 실험과 개인적인 경험을 바탕으로 색 상대성 이론이 예술에 미치는 영향을 설명합니다.

색온도 차이는 색을 인식하는 방식에 영향을 미칠 수 있으며, 우리 눈은 중립적인 화이트 밸런스를 찾기 위해 끊임없이 조정합니다.

영화 제작자가 경험한 것처럼 붉은 벽의 반사는 색 인식에 과잉 보상을 일으킬 수 있습니다.

디즈니의 조명 디자인은 생동감과 마법을 유지하기 위해 다양한 색상을 사용하지만, 환경의 변화로 인해 색온도에 대한 인식이 달라질 수 있습니다.

캔버스에 흰색을 남겨두면 색상 인식에 혼란을 줄 수 있으므로 한 가지 톤으로 채우는 것이 좋습니다.

태블릿을 가볍게 터치하면 미묘한 색상을 추가할 수 있습니다.

채도가 높은 색상으로 직접 이동하는 대신 색상환에서 채도를 낮추고 약간 이동하면 올바른 톤을 더 효과적으로 찾을 수 있습니다.

올바른 색조를 찾는 과정에는 채도를 낮추고 녹색과 주황색 등 다양한 색조로 기울이는 작업이 포함됩니다.

색온도를 따르고 미세하게 조정하면 그림에서 강력한 효과를 낼 수 있습니다.

회색은 채도를 낮추고 다양한 톤을 구현하는 데 필수적인 색상으로 강조되며, 궁극적으로 미묘한 변화를 통해 다양한 색상의 환상을 만들어냅니다.

예술에서 컬러 블로킹의 중요성

컬러 블로킹은 페인팅 프로세스의 중요한 초기 단계로, 컬러 톤을 빠르게 식별하고 다듬는 데 도움이 됩니다.

작가는 올바른 색조를 찾는 반복적인 특성을 강조하며 깊이와 입체감을 만드는 데 있어 색의 상대성과 온도가 중요하다는 점을 강조합니다.

초기 루즈 드로잉은 최종 그림에서 모양, 비율 및 세밀한 디테일을 추가하기 위한 기초 역할을 합니다.

색상환은 색조, 채도 및 명도 간의 관계를 보여줍니다.

색상환을 드래그하면 색상이 불채도에서 채도로, 노란색에서 주황색으로 바뀌며 보라색은 빨간색으로, 녹색은 황록색으로 더 기울어집니다.

알렉산드라 제이콥의 작품은 모든 색상이 아름답게 어우러져 색에 대한 인식에 도전하는 색 상대성 이론을 보여줍니다.