스포츠 베팅과 무결성의 복잡한 교차점

### 스포츠, 도박, 청렴성의 교차점
* 🏈 전 세계 스포츠 베팅 시장은 **연간 약 1조 4천억 유로 규모**로 추정되며, 이에 따라 승부조작과 내부자 거래에 대한 우려가 커지고 있습니다.
* 🇺🇸 2018년 대법원 판결에 따라 미국에서 스포츠 베팅이 합법화되면서 업계가 빠르게 변화하고 있으며, **NFL은 이 새로운 환경의 핵심 플레이어**가 되었습니다.
* 🏟 ️ 리그의 경우 도박 수익은 새로운 수입원을 제공하지만, **선수와 직원에 대한 엄격한 규칙**을 적용해야 하는 등 리그의 청렴성에 상당한 위험을 초래하기도 합니다.
* 🛡 스포츠 베팅에서 중요한 문제로 남아 있는 승부조작을 모니터링하고 방지하려면 **Sportradar와 같은 회사에서 제공하는 데이터**와 같은 데이터를 사용하는 것이 중요합니다.
* 🎲 영국은 오랜 도박 규제 역사와 번성하는 산업을 통해 **합법화된 스포츠 베팅의 미래를 위한 모델**이 되고 있습니다.
* ⚖ ️ 안전장치가 마련되어 있음에도 불구하고 **주요 스포츠 리그에서 승부조작 스캔들이 발생할 가능성**에 대한 우려가 여전하며, 이는 장기적인 영향을 미칠 수 있습니다.
* 🧠 전직 및 현직 선수들은 스포츠 베팅과 관련된 위험과 유혹에 대해 점점 더 많이 인식하고 있으며, 일부는 이를 **커리어 이후의 잠재적인 기회**로 여기고 있습니다.
* 💬 스포츠 갬블링의 진화하는 환경은 **게임의 무결성을 보호**하면서 **수익과 팬 참여를 극대화**하는 방법에 대한 지속적인 논의를 필요로 합니다.

NFL은 스포츠 베팅을 수용하는 동시에 선수의 청렴성을 보호해야 하는 이중의 과제를 안고 있습니다.

Oh, this is fancy. We ready? There's always going to be a temptation to gamble on sports. More people need to understand what it's like from the player's perspective. Sportradar estimates the global betting market to be worth around €1.4 trillion per year. There's always going to be people who want to manipulate that. For ages, gambling on sports was illegal, but now a regulated global marketplace is providing a new, lucrative revenue stream into all parts of the sports industry. Everyone bets, everyone loves to bet. This about 20 million different betting companies. For leagues, it's a great opportunity and a big risk. We have suspended a number of players for betting on the NFL. The ultimate sin. Jontay Porter throwing games on purpose. I never bet on baseball or any other sports. Now you have these 2 worlds colliding together. People who are on the inside have a little bit of a leg up is definitely a temptation.

What do the sports leagues do when the athletes want to get in on the action? We’ll look at the insider trading in the sports industry and how data is being used to police match-fixing around the world. Pete Rose is out of baseball, suspended for life. Rose bet on baseball games. Gambling was always seen as a threat to the integrity of American sports. The US, until 2018, you basically, it was Nevada, was the only place where you have legal sports betting. We had this landmark Supreme Court decision open the way for other states to join in. The six years since then, it’s exploded. The NFL quickly established itself as the most popular sport for betting in the United States. We talked to three current and former NFL players, members of the Pro Athlete Community, to hear their take on the realities of the new gambling-friendly NFL. Terron Armstead, Left Tackle for the Miami Dolphins. Since I came to the NFL 12 years ago.

pre-game shows used to be five guys talking about the upcoming matches, but now you see money lines. Play the Texans. I'll lay the points. It's been fluctuating minus two, minus one and a half. To see who to take over to under the evolution of it has been incredible and rapid as well. For the leagues, this is a revenue stream at a key time for them because we're seeing that media rights, there's a lot of tumult, a lot of disruption, especially at the team level. So I think bringing in the gambling money to supplement that has been something that they've really leaned on. It has added a new dimension to our game, people that is not necessarily a fan of your team or player you're watching because you have an investment on the line, which is super cool. My name is River Cracraft, play for the Miami Dolphins. I'm a wide receiver taking myself out of a player role,

If I was a fan, it's something I'd be super into because I have players' knowledge. You know, I think I would. I think I would do well. My name is Julius Thomas. I'm an NFL Pro Bowler that played seven years in the NFL. Currently, a six-year doctoral student in clinical health psychology. I think that sports betting is a massive temptation for all young people, especially adolescent and young males, who are going to be the ones most drawn to sports betting. You're going to have a lot of young, especially male athletes, that gamble. We know the risk, and protecting the integrity is number one. The NFL and other leagues have had to implement strict gambling rules for its players and personnel to erase any blurred lines. We have mandatory meetings twice a year about what not to do around sports betting. They have it posted up in the locker room. It's a lot of don'ts. We're not allowed to bet in an NFL facility.

On an NFL plane. You can bet on other sports; you just can't bet on the NFL and especially not your own team. My personal relationship with betting is honestly pretty distant. I'm not just saying that, so I always spin it as an active player. I just stay away from it completely. My approach with the young guys, I try to keep everything short and simple, sports betting, stay away from it. Feel like it was bound to happen. And then in March of 2022, it finally did happen. Calvin Ridley has been suspended for an entire season for betting on NFL games. Calvin Ridley, a star wide receiver for the Atlanta Falcons, was caught using his phone to place bets on the NFL, including his own team. Getting news on Calvin Ridley and his one-year suspension was a shock. Shocked right through the locker room, a wave of surprise to the NFL. Like I say, Calvin Ridley is a great player.

Gone for a year. Not anything injury-related, not anything health-related. It's a shock. There has been pretty solid consensus, actually from the NFL community of people understanding that the NFL was going to come down hard, that they were going to try to nip it in the bud. In spite of the one-year suspension handed down to Ridley, headlines continue to emerge of NFL players violating the gambling rules. It has struck fear into me to gamble on any sites. I'm the type of guy who I do like to sit down at the blackjack table. I do like to do that type of gambling. But when it comes to sports betting, I'm not willing to jeopardize the previous eight years or previous 20 years of football that I've played to get suspended. Another area for concern for sports leagues is the disclosure of inside information, which could influence bettors and the betting market. There are some written rules and some unwritten rules.

about keeping what's in the building inside the building. You could say something in passing. You can just be talking ball with your family. They come in town for the game. Is such and such back? Is he playing? Is he healthy? You know? Yeah. yeah. Tua will be back. He's feeling great. He's looking great in practice. All that not knowing. I just gave him some inside information. So far, at least, the NFL has managed to avoid the worst-case scenario that the leagues dread the most. Huge breaking news from the NBA. NBA has leveled a lifetime ban on the Toronto Raptors' Jontay Porter for his involvement in gambling. He effed around and he found out. He's now banned for life. Jontay Porter, it came to light that he was helping sports bettors tip games. Basically saying, I'm sick and getting himself out of the lineup in games where bettors were betting the under on him, on prop bets on him.

So saying he would not perform very well. He would not rack up a lot of rebounds or points. This was part of a conspiracy. Someone putting an $80,000 bet on the under for a prop bet for Jontay Porter is strange, right? And that raises alarm bells. And then the investigation follows from there. DraftKings reported the suspicious activity to the International Betting Integrity Association. No one wants to see these headlines. The operators don't want that, the sports don't want that. The league certainly doesn't as well. This was an example of the system working really well. So suspicious wagering took place with regulated books. It was reported to their integrity monitors, it’s reviewed. Reports were then sent to the relevant leagues and also law enforcement as well. And the outcome is actually a bad actor is now out of the game for good. And there's an ongoing criminal case involving his coconspirators as well.

I think the pertinent question to ask at that point: had this activity occurred with offshore regulated books, would we have seen the same outcome? Almost certainly not. That kind of thing is the biggest fear for the leagues; match-fixing is never going to go away. To get a glimpse into what the future holds for legalized sports betting in America, one just has to look at the booming industry in England, where legalized gambling culture has existed for much longer. In the UK, sports betting came out of the shadows in the sixties with the high street shops; you know, on every corner you had these little betting parlors. A lot of it was betting the horses, but you had sports betting too, and that grew over time. You look at the UK and around the UK; it's really the hub of the global gambling world. I think that comes from just the history of it. They've been doing this for longer than the US and also the fact

that it's a convenient place, both for the Asian markets where betting is huge, and the US where it's big and growing, and they sit at that nexus. And then they have a huge sport culture. So right now, I’ve got England, three nil, Harry Kane goal, Trippier yellow card, 80 to 1. I put a 10 on it. Harry Kane’s already scored, we’re halfway there. Soccer is by far the most heavily bet on sport in the world, and not coincidentally, is the most often associated with corruption and match fixing. The temptation is there to bet on every game, you got corruption plays betting as well. They’ve all come out now, you’ve got Tonali for Newcastle bet on lower leagues and himself. Paqueta, he bet on himself for a yellow card. Much like what happened to Jontay Porter. Athletes around the world are getting caught in the crosshairs of the regulated industry.

Perception of match-fixing activities that it's detected through on-field actions, but actually the data is the most powerful tool and most proven tool to indicate wrongdoing in sports betting. The data is essential. You can't have betting markets, especially the way that they are now, where it's instant and on your phone without data. I can't imagine an industry that has greater revenue potential. The sports data gold rush got the attention of investors like Michael Jordan, who invested in a Swiss-based company called Sportradar. Sportradar is a sports technology and sports data company. Sportradar works with NHL, MLB, UEFA, FIFA. Companies like Sportradar, they buy the data directly from the league. So the leagues have people sitting at every game tabulating touchdowns, goals, assists, whatever it may be. And that instantaneously then goes to these data partners who then package it and sell it to the sportsbooks who use it to make the bets that you do on your phone and to create odds and so forth.

At the same time, these companies, Sportradar and others, offer what they call integrity services, where they are then watching the movement of betting in hundreds of markets through lots of books all around the world to look for unusual activity. This is looking at the Live Asian handicap market. It trades very much in line for the first 60 minutes. And then we begin to see this big deviation here. These grey odds here at the bookmaker odds. More money is being wagered on it than expected. So from what I’m seeing here, this is a fixed match? - Yep. In 2023, we at Sportradar Integrity Services identified over 1300 sporting matches that were assessed to be manipulated for betting purposes. That's roughly four fixed matches a day across the world, which is a 47% increase from two years prior. But it's usually not the prime time sporting events featuring highly paid athletes.

The lower levels of sport, including college athletics, have historically been ripe for corruption. It’s probably wrongly perceived that this is reserved for upper echelons and elite competition. Federations understand the risks with lower levels of their competition. Tom Harding brings a law enforcement background to Sportradar, investigating match-fixing rings run by organized crime. Match fixers often deployed someone to a game to communicate with the players. So, a lot of match-fixing now occurring in the live betting markets. They need something to be that coordination between the players and the live betting also provides an opportunity to make payment to the players, but also provide threats and intimidation. We deploy intelligence photographers to matches that we consider to be high risk of manipulation, looking to capture individuals in the crowd. Probably the sports where it's most vulnerable tend to be individual sports, sports like tennis. Tennis, you've got hundreds of players who are not necessarily wealthy, right.

Who can probably make more money with match-fixing, maybe than they can with just playing the matches. It's a global sport going on 24-7 all around the world. And the nature of that is that there are lots of betting markets open on those matches. Now, that doesn't necessarily mean you have match-fixing, but it's an incredibly popular betting proposition for operators. Novak Djokovic said he was once offered $200,000 to lose a first-round match. I was approached through people that were working with me at that time. They were in my team. Threw it away right away. I mean, it didn't even get to me. BuzzFeed had in 2016 the fixer files, they put out a huge cache of data that showed potential corruption at the very high reaches even of tennis. And then you have the case of the Armenian Grigor Sargsyan, who was known as The Maestro.

Right? Had a network of over 100 tennis players he had influenced. We worked very closely with the Belgian police who had led an investigation into Grigor Sargsyan and who was heading up a Belgian Armenian crime syndicate who were fixing matches. And it led to a number of sanctions involving a number of tennis players. So in spite of the safeguards that the regulated gambling industry offers, Will we start to see more match-fixing in sports due to increased access for all? How much do I worry about match-fixing coming to the NFL? It's very hard for me to imagine enough players being willing to do something like that. But I do know enough about human behavior to say, can it happen? Will it happen at some point? Sure. I mean, you give it enough trials, something that we don't want to happen will happen. I think what keeps the league commissioners up at night is the possibility of a truly big scandal.

I mean, Jontay Porter was pretty small. He didn't influence the NBA Finals or something like that. But if you get a scandal at that level where a major star turns out to have been match-fixing, the World Series wasn't legit, or the Super Bowl. That is actually something that could harm leagues in a serious way for a very long time. I think it continues to evolve the trajectory that it’s been on. I see it continue to progress more and more wagers being created where they might find a way to include other positions, offensive lineman as well, you know, sacks allowed or penalties or anything like that. So I just see it becoming more and more evolved. But it's here to stay. You know, post-career when things are wrapped up on the playing end, I do feel like I would have a leg up maybe on some other people. I think this is such a delicate and challenging issue.

and we do have to continue talking about it, and we do have to continue figuring out how do we protect the game, how do we protect the player? And then how do we drive attention, revenue, and excitement to our sports?

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스포츠 베팅이 업계에 미치는 영향

전 세계 스포츠 베팅 시장은 연간 약 1조 4천억 유로에 달하며, 스포츠 업계에 수익성 높은 수익원을 창출하고 있습니다.

2018년부터 미국에서 스포츠 베팅이 합법화되면서 NFL이 가장 인기 있는 베팅 스포츠로 자리 잡으며 빠르게 확장되고 있습니다.

전현직 NFL 선수들은 도박이 리그에 미치는 영향이 크며, 팀 역학 관계를 교란하고 새로운 팬을 유치할 수 있는 잠재력이 있다고 지적했습니다.

NFL에서 스포츠 베팅이 미치는 영향

전 NFL 프로 볼러였던 줄리어스 토마스는 젊은 선수들에게 스포츠 베팅의 유혹과 리그의 엄격한 도박 규정을 강조합니다.

캘빈 리들리가 자신의 팀을 포함한 NFL 경기에 베팅한 혐의로 1년간 자격정지 처분을 받은 사건은 리그에 충격을 주었고, 도박 규정을 위반하는 선수들의 지속적인 문제를 부각시켰습니다.

토마스는 잠재적인 위험과 게임의 무결성을 보호하는 것의 중요성을 언급하며 스포츠 베팅을 멀리할 것을 옹호합니다.

도박과 팁 제공에 연루되어 NBA에서 종신 출장 금지 처분을 받은 존 테이 포터의 사례에서 볼 수 있듯이, 무심코 공유한 내부 정보는 심각한 결과를 초래할 수 있습니다.

의심스러운 베팅 행위는 국제 베팅 청렴성 협회에 신고되어 철저한 조사가 이루어졌고 해당 부정 행위자는 리그에서 퇴출되었습니다.

영국의 오랜 스포츠 베팅 합법화 역사를 통해 미국 스포츠 베팅 산업의 미래를 엿볼 수 있으며, 승부조작과 유사한 결과가 발생할 가능성에 대한 우려가 제기되고 있습니다.

스포츠 베팅 산업은 아시아와 미국 시장을 중심으로 번창하고 있으며, 축구는 가장 많은 베팅이 이루어지는 스포츠이자 종종 부정부패와 연관되어 있습니다.

선수들의 승부조작 스캔들이 점점 더 많이 발생하고 있으며, 데이터는 부정행위를 적발하는 데 중요한 역할을 하고 있습니다.

스포츠 데이터와 무결성 서비스를 제공하는 Sportradar와 같은 회사가 앞장서서 2023년에 베팅 목적으로 조작된 스포츠 경기를 1300건 이상 적발했으며, 이는 2년 전보다 47% 증가한 수치입니다.

대학 운동경기를 포함한 하위 레벨의 스포츠는 종종 부패와 연관되어 엘리트 대회에서만 발생한다는 인식에 도전합니다.

승부조작은 라이브 베팅 시장에서 만연해 있으며, 주최 측이 선수와 개인을 통해 연락을 취하고 대금을 조율하기도 합니다.

테니스는 특히 글로벌한 특성, 오픈 베팅 시장, 많은 선수들의 재정적 어려움으로 인해 승부조작에 취약하며, 이로 인해 영향력과 부패의 네트워크가 형성될 수 있습니다.

스포츠에서 스캔들과 진화하는 베팅의 영향

승부조작과 같은 주요 스타가 연루된 스캔들은 스포츠 리그에 오랫동안 심각한 피해를 줄 수 있습니다.

다른 포지션과 게임 측면을 포함하여 더 많은 베팅을 창출하는 추세는 계속될 가능성이 높습니다.

선수 보호와 게임의 공정성, 스포츠의 수익과 흥미 유발 사이의 균형을 맞추는 문제는 미묘한 문제이며 지속적인 논의가 필요합니다.