프로그래밍 언어 데이터 유형 이해

### 프로그래밍의 데이터 유형 이해 포괄적인 개요
* 🔤 프로그래밍에서 데이터 유형은 정보를 분류하고 작업하는 데 필수적이며 **문자열, 숫자, 부울, 배열 등**의 일반적인 유형이 있습니다.
* 🔄 프로그래밍 언어는 유형에 따라 분류할 수 있는데, **실행 전에 유형을 정의하는 정적 언어**와 **실행 중에 유형을 결정하는 동적 언어**가 있습니다.
* 💪 강력한 타이핑은 **엄격한 데이터 유형 규칙**을 적용하는 반면, 약한 타이핑은 **자바스크립트와 같이 동적으로 입력되는 언어**에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 유연성을 제공합니다.
* 🎯 **명시적 유형은 개발자가 변수의 데이터 유형을 지정**해야 하는 반면, **암시적 유형은 언어가 값을 기반**으로 유형을 유추할 수 있습니다.
* 🐍 파이썬은 개발자가 변수에 대한 유형을 지정할 필요가 없는 **강력한 암시적 유형**이 있는 동적 유형 언어의 예로 강조됩니다.
* ⚙ 프로그래밍 언어와 타이핑 시스템의 선택은 프로젝트 요구 사항에 따라 달라지며, **속도와 보안을 위해 정적으로 타이핑된 언어**를 선택하고 **빠른 개발과 유연성을 위해 동적으로 타이핑된 언어**를 선택하는 경우가 많습니다.
* 🍕 객체를 통한 사용자 지정 데이터 유형 생성 및 객체 지향 프로그래밍에서 **타이핑의 중요성**과 같은 고급 주제에 대해 간략하게 언급합니다.
* ❓ 이 동영상은 시청자에게 **유형이 없는 프로그래밍 언어에 대한 질문**을 던지고 좋아요, 구독, 공유를 통해 참여를 유도하는 것으로 마무리됩니다.

프로그래밍 언어 타이핑을 이해하는 것은 효율적인 코딩을 위해 매우 중요하며 언어마다 다르므로 기능 및 오류 탐지에 영향을 미칩니다.

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Hello! Let's recall our school biology course. No, not about pistils and stamens. And not about the reproduction of earthworms. But about the fact that all living beings are usually divided into various species. Birds, fish, the neighbor upstairs drilling at 6 in the morning, and so on. In general, people like to classify everything into species. If, for example, you enter a query about this in a search engine, there will be many options.

No, we haven't changed the topic of videos, and we still cheerfully talk about IT stuff. So, why are we talking about this? Everything will become clear now, don't worry. It doesn't matter in which programming language you write. In any case, any programming is working with information. Simply moving it from point A to point B or visualizing it. That's why the field is called IT, which stands for Information Technology. And if you try to apply this information,

Perceiving as a whole and dividing it into different types will make working with it much easier. For example, coming up with your own type for phrases or for numbers. Then you can work with each type differently and not make mistakes. It's great that this has already been invented and it's called typing in programming languages. Thanks to typing, the language understands how to work with each type of information.

Now do you understand what the introduction was about? Let's start with the fact that these types themselves depend on the programming language. In each one, they are named and can even work differently. And as you know, there are sooo many programming languages. But in most languages, some data types are named the same.

What we previously called a phrase is actually called strings. For example, the well-known phrase Hello, World!, with which programming begins - is a string.

Well, numbers are most often called numbers or integers. Sometimes they also distinguish numbers with a floating

Commas that are called floats or very large numbers called big integers. For truth or falsehood, they also came up with their own data type and called it boolean, in honor of the mathematician George Boole, who invented Boolean algebra. By the way, this type of data can only have two values: true and false - in other words, yes and no, true and false, or 1 and 0. There are even data types that store other data types. For example, arrays. No, they are not massive, it's just that there is an English word array, and that's how it's translated. In short, no matter what data types there are, it's also important to understand that each language can work with these types differently. But most of the time, everything is logical. If it's a number, you can add it to another number; if it's a string, you can calculate its length, and so on. Programming languages, in terms of typing, can be divided into two types - static and dynamic. The typing in them can also be divided into two types - strong and weak. And they can also be divided into

Languages with explicit and implicit typing

Alright, let's delve into this in more detail, as it sounds a bit confusing at the moment.

So, what are languages with static typing? These are programming languages where the types of information, that is, variables, in our code are defined before the program is even executed. That is, during the so-called compilation stage when all our source code is just translated into binary. If there are any issues with the types, the file won't compile. For example, these are C, Java, or C#.

And what about dynamic languages? These are languages where types are determined after the program is launched. That is, during its execution, when we reach the part in the code where this type is encountered. If statically typed languages are mostly compiled, meaning they are first fully translated into binary code, and then this binary code is executed. So, dynamic languages are mostly interpreted, which means the entire code is executed.

and is translated in real-time. For example, these are languages like JavaScript, PHP, Python, and Ruby. Let's take a look at this picture as an example. Here, two languages with similar names are clearly compared, but in reality, they are completely different. In Java, types for variables are immediately specified, meaning boxes with names for storing information that we can reuse later. Notice that we cannot change the recorded data type to another later on. In JavaScript, on the other hand, we do not specify anything and can easily change types. Now, let's move on to strong and weak typing. With strong, or as it is also called, strict typing, we cannot mix data types. For example, applying actions strictly for strings to numbers. However, with weak typing, the interpreter will automatically determine which data type is best to use. Strong typing is found in languages like Java, Python, Haskell, and Lisp, while weak typing is present in JavaScript, PHP, and Basic. Even if you don't know JavaScript, you have probably seen memes dedicated to its weak typing. Yes, there the interpreter, when adding a number and a string,

It will convert a number to a string and concatenate them. 
It's not that bad. Rather, it is related to the field where JavaScript is used, and there it's normal. 
But we're not saying you should ignore it. You need to be able to use such a feature carefully and know how the language will behave in one case or another.
Now, some Python would have long ago kicked our butts for such gypsy tricks.
For example, we created a function that simply adds two numbers. And then we told it to add a number to a string. And predictably, we got an error indicating that there was a data type error trying to add a number and a string.
Well, and the last two types - explicit and implicit typing. With explicit typing, you always need to strictly specify the type of the element. Look at the code written in C. It doesn't matter what it does, just pay attention to the lines where char and int are written.
We have clearly defined data types for each variable. Here we clearly see,

What about the variables info, dept, and emp on the left, the data types char and int are specified, meaning a string and a number. Also, if something goes wrong, we will find out before running the program. Now let's look at the code in Python. Here we have variables best_school, subscribe, and count_subscribes. Importantly, there are no explicit data type declarations in it. And that's the whole point. We don't need to specify anything for the variables. The compiler or interpreter automatically selects the necessary type based on the value of the variable you specified after the equal sign. Let's sum up all these facts and find out that Python is a dynamically typed language with strong implicit typing. And if at this point you also got inspired by the idea of typing and can't wait to determine the variable types and write your first beautiful typed code, come to our academy where we will teach you about scripting types. Seriously - there is a programming language called TypeScript that extends the capabilities of JavaScript. So if you are also annoyed that JS doesn't support strict typing,

Sign up for an introductory lesson via the link in the description and acquire a cool new skill! What does this division give? Probably, one language is cooler than another? If you visit forums for programmers, you will see a huge number of debates about which programming language is cooler. Often citing as an example that their language has cooler typing and in general, Python is... Well, okay, it's obvious that one programming language cannot be cooler than another. Each is simply used for its own tasks. Roughly speaking, if you need speed, security, and efficiency, then it's about languages with strict and static typing. And if you need to quickly and cheaply create a project, and then easily improve it, then a dynamic language is best suited. By the way, here's another cool fact. Sooner or later, you will run out of the types that are initially in the language. That's why in many programming languages, there is the possibility.

Creating your own data types.
To do this, objects are created. For example, you can create a data type Pizza and specify that the pizza has the operation eat. But this is already the topic of object-oriented programming.
It turns out that without data typing, the language would not understand how to work with certain types of information. It also provides additional security and clarity of the code.
In the end, a question arises. Are there programming languages without types? Write in the comments.
And as always, don't forget to give a like to this video, subscribe to this channel and Telegram channel, and of course, tell your friends and colleagues about us.
Bye!

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프로그래밍에서 데이터 입력의 중요성

데이터 유형은 프로그래밍에서 다양한 유형의 정보를 효과적으로 작업하기 위해 매우 중요합니다.

이를 통해 데이터를 문자열의 경우 구문으로, 정수의 경우 숫자로 분류하여 각 유형을 구체적이고 정확하게 조작할 수 있습니다.

데이터 타입의 이름과 기능은 프로그래밍 언어마다 다를 수 있지만, 데이터 타입의 개념은 대부분의 언어에서 기본입니다.

프로그래밍의 데이터 유형 및 타이핑

프로그래밍 언어에는 참 또는 거짓 값만 가질 수 있는 실수, 큰 정수, 부울과 같은 데이터 유형이 있습니다.

배열은 다른 데이터 유형을 저장하는 데 사용되며, 각 언어마다 이러한 유형에 대해 다르게 작동합니다.

프로그래밍 언어는 실행 전에 변수 타입이 정의되는 정적 타입(예: C, Java, C#)과 실행 중에 타입이 결정되는 동적 타입으로 나뉩니다.

정적 타입 언어는 대부분 컴파일되는 반면, 동적 타입 언어는 대부분 해석됩니다.

Java, JavaScript, Python과 같은 프로그래밍 언어에는 강력한 타이핑을 사용하는 언어와 약한 타이핑을 사용하는 언어 등 다양한 타이핑 접근 방식이 있습니다.

자바나 파이썬 같은 언어에서 볼 수 있는 강력한 타이핑은 데이터 유형을 혼합하는 것을 허용하지 않는 반면, 자바스크립트에서 볼 수 있는 약한 타이핑은 사용할 최적의 데이터 유형을 자동으로 결정합니다.

자바스크립트의 약한 타이핑은 종종 밈의 소재가 되기도 하지만, 이는 자바스크립트의 정상적인 기능입니다.

반면에 파이썬은 숫자와 문자열이 결합될 때 발생하는 데이터 유형 오류에 대해 더 엄격합니다.

또한 요소의 유형을 엄격하게 지정해야 하는 명시적 타이핑과 유형을 명시적으로 정의할 필요가 없는 암시적 타이핑이 구분됩니다.

파이썬 프로그래밍에서 데이터 타입의 역할

파이썬은 변수 값에 따라 데이터 유형이 자동으로 선택되는 강력한 암시적 타이핑 기능을 갖춘 동적 타이핑 언어입니다.

이 언어는 프로젝트를 빠르고 저렴하게 생성하고 쉽게 개선할 수 있어 동적 작업에 적합하여 인기가 높습니다.

반대로 엄격하고 정적인 타이핑을 사용하는 언어는 속도, 보안 및 효율성을 위해 필요할 때 선호됩니다.

데이터 타이핑은 피자를 먹는 것과 같은 연산을 지정하는 객체를 만드는 것으로, 객체 지향 프로그래밍에 매우 중요합니다.

이는 명확성과 보안을 제공하며 언어가 다양한 유형의 정보에 대해 작동할 수 있도록 보장합니다.

일부 프로그래밍 언어에는 타입이 없어 코딩에서 그 기능과 사용에 대한 의문이 제기될 수 있습니다.