빅토리아 시대 화장실: 위생 문제와 여성들의 경험

빅토리아 시대 여성들은 무거운 드레스와 부적절한 위생 관행으로 인해 화장실을 사용하는 데 큰 어려움을 겪었습니다.

### 빅토리아 시대 화장실: 위생과 여성 위생의 투쟁: 빅토리아 시대의 화장실
* 🚽 빅토리아 시대에는 실내 화장실이 부족했고, 쓰레기 처리는 비료 생산을 위해 **'흙꾼'이 정기적으로 수거해야 하는 인분으로 채워진 큰 구멍인 오수조**에 의존했습니다.
* 👗 여성들은 무겁고 겹겹이 쌓인 드레스 때문에 화장실을 이용하는 데 상당한 어려움을 겪었고, 이는 **단순한 옷을 입은 남성들에 비해 용변을 보는 과정이 복잡하고 시간이 많이 걸리는 원인**이었습니다.
* 🏺 챔버 화분은 특히 다층 주택의 경우 실내에서 어느 정도 편리함을 제공했지만, **비위생적인 경우**가 많았고 **더 큰 공동 화분에 버려야 하는 경우**가 많았습니다.
* 🚿 공중 화장실이 있었지만 개인 화장실에 비해 위생 상태가 좋지 않아 **19세기 런던을 황폐화시킨 4대 콜레라**를 비롯한 질병이 확산되었습니다.
* 💧 토마스 크래퍼의 수세식 변기와 같은 혁신적인 위생 시설이 등장하기 시작했지만, 여전히 많은 가정에서 **수온과 하수도 역류 문제**로 인해 위험한 상황에 직면해 있었습니다.
* 월경을 금기시하는 사회에서 여성들은 적절한 위생 관리 없이 **헝겊이나 접힌 신문지 같은 초보적인 재료**를 사용하여 월경을 처리했고, 이는 건강 위험의 증가로 이어졌습니다.
* 🌿 통증 완화 옵션은 제한적이었고, 종종 **약초 요법이나 아편에 의존**하는 경우가 많았으며, 사회는 **월경하는 여성을 정서적으로 불안정한 존재**로 간주하여 중독과 수치심을 유발할 수 있었습니다.
* 📈 빅토리아 시대가 진행되면서 위생과 위생에 대한 인식이 개선되어 **여성 건강과 위생에 대한 더 나은 관행**의 토대가 마련되었지만, 많은 어려움이 지속되었습니다.

Victorian toilets indoor toilets were not as available as they are now, and they looked very different during the Victorian era. Before we had sewers and flushing toilets, humans disposed of their waste in cesspools. A cesspool was a big hole dug in the ground, and these holes were lined with brick or stone, with the bottom of it being lined with soil. Please continue to support my channel by subscribing. These holes would be filled right to the brim until the hole could not contain any more waste. Once it was full, a soil man would collect it. This was a designated job role that involved drying out the waste and turning it into fertilizer to be used by farmers on their land. Ironically, nothing went to waste, and for hundreds of years, our fields and countryside were fertilized by human waste. Indoor plumbing and modern toilets that we take for granted today did not exist in the Victorian era. The public were expected to use designated outhouses or chamber pots for their personal hygiene.

needs. So, how would the Victorian women, who were known for wearing large, extravagant, and expensive dresses, manage to go to the toilet in an outhouse? The heavy silk, satin, and velvet dresses were a big issue when trying to avoid peeing or pooing themselves, very different to the ease that men faced when they could easily remove their simple slacks to go to the toilet. Not only were there outbuildings to use, this was a problem for those cold nights, and so people also used chamber pots indoors for convenience. These pots were put away in a cupboard or under the bed and brought out when needed. They were convenient because they could be transported when required rather than being static in the outside building. These were used especially by those that lived in homes with more than one story and whom it would be inconvenient to go downstairs and then outside to use. Each person may have their own chamber pot, but once full, these would be poured into a larger pot or picked that a number of people had access to. If you were a privileged family with

wealth you would have access to your own standalone building and pit, which would be a wooden structure in the garden. However, for other people, these pits would be in a backyard, and the public would have to bring their own water and newspapers or other materials to clean themselves. Running water in a toilet was not available to use. These would all be emptied by a designated soil man, whose job it was to remove the waste periodically. The idea of a restroom sounds like a better alternative, but these were public areas for people to go to the toilet, but they were actually less hygienic than the private pits and chamber pots due to being emptied very infrequently, leading to a grim buildup of human fecal matter. During the Victorian era, many technological and cultural changes were taking place, but the people were only just learning about hygiene and the idea of germs living on surfaces. But not everybody was aware or understood, as personal hygiene was not always prioritized. People were not always aware of the importance of hygiene and did not know

that a buildup of germs or dirt could make them ill. It was therefore no surprise that people did not always prioritize good hygiene through washing themselves, and money was also tight for many families, as though families did not prioritize it over other things that they needed. Families were often forced to share a tub of water for a whole family, unaware of why this would be unhygienic. It was common for the people in society to not change their underwear for a few days, and the grim odor that occurred as the result unfazed them, no matter how bad the smell got. This was a consequence of not having indoor plumbing at the time. However, there were initiatives to advance hygiene practices and sanitation as the Victorian era went on. Victorian London had been undergoing a period of industrialization and mass production. The population was at an all-time high, which brought many problems. One included the poor sanitation of the city, which led to some devastating consequences during the 19th century: four major outbreaks of cholera between 1832 and

1866 ravaged London communities and led to the death of tens of thousands of people. In 1831, a dangerous new epidemic began in London. The people were full of panic, and they rushed around to find a solution to the city's sanitation problems. In the 1700s, Great Britain began transforming into an industrialized nation, and by the 1800s, the Revolution was well underway. London was the largest city in the world at the time, and many people moved there from the countryside to earn money in the large city. Due to the ever-growing population and popularity of the area, London became overwhelmed by waste products. Thomas Crapper created the first contemporary flush toilet. He was also the first man to set up public showrooms for displaying sanitary wear, and he became known as an advocate of sanitary plumbing, popularizing such installations inside people's homes. This led to the notion of these products to become more widely available, especially in privileged households. The bathroom that we are privileged to use today was invented during the Victorian era; however, they had not quite

mastered all of the logistics of making it a smooth operation. The water was sometimes too hot, which led to many people being scolded. The toilet was also known to randomly explode, and this was due to the flammable gases that were emitted from human waste, such as methane and hydrogen sulfide. Over a number of years, the buildup of human excrement in the sewers meant that the backlog would come back up into the toilets inside people's homes. A naked flame or candle would set a light, and candles were still being used for light at the time, and the two were not very compatible. So how did women go to the toilet in those huge puffy dresses? Women's clothing was extremely troublesome, but looks and class prioritized much more than convenience. The dresses were made up of layers of ruffled lace, intricate embellishments, satin, and velvet. They were extremely heavy for the women, which made everyday tasks mere impossible. Not only were they heavy, they were also floor-length, which using your imagination, you can see how

this would cause quite the challenge for women. Underneath their dresses were heavy underskirts and petticoats, as well as restrictive corsets. These challenging undergarments had to be removed in order to use the varying different types of public restrooms. Chamber pots could be used by women, which were modest porcelain or metal containers that women could use at home. These pots were put away in a cupboard or under the bed and brought out when needed. They were convenient because they could be transported when required, rather than being static in the outside building. These were used especially by those that lived in homes with more than one story, and of whom it would be inconvenient to go downstairs and then use. Each person may have had their own chamber pot, but once full, these would be poured into a larger pot or pit that a number of people had access to. These women would have to retreat to private rooms, or their bedroom or dressing room, to relieve themselves in private. This would be a huge task and would require removing many layers just for them to get redressed again.

afterwards, one solution to this issue. These pots were typically covered with a lid to cover any odors and were frequently kept in a special cabinet or under the bed. Chamber pots, as you can imagine, were very unhygienic and smelly, and so women had to get creative when they traveled away from their private homes to further afield in a bed to prevent their dresses from becoming ruined, which was costly. They would often use a urinal bottle. These bottles are made of glass or metal and had a spout at one end which would allow the women to be inserted into the dress and allow women to urinate whilst still wearing their clothing. The beauty of these devices was that women had so cleverly created meant they would be carried privately in the women's handbags or pockets. A toilet chair was another option that was used. It was a portable chair with a hole in the seat that allowed women to use the restroom. Women can lift up their dresses to use or would often require another person, such as a maid, to help them.

the most popular remedy; however, was for women to simply take off their underskirt and petticoat to use the restroom. For privileged women, separate rooms and closets were used. They were often found on the ground floor in a different wing of the house. Inside these rooms were often a toilet, a wash basin, and a vanity or dressing table. When these Victorian women did not have access to their private rooms, they were forced to use public restrooms that lacked adequate lighting, as well as being very small to use and highly unhygienic. Of course, these women preferred their own private rooms, but they were not always available to use. The women of this period were exceptionally judged and held to the highest of standards for modesty and decorum. This seemed an impossible task with such difficult and inconvenient facilities. Special knacks and tricks were passed down from women on how to be discreet and cautious. The task is further complicated by the monthly menstrual cycles, which was also highly taboo at the time. The SE women were expected to hide their cycles as well as concealing

any symptoms. Society taught them that their period was dirty and a source of embarrassment, and therefore they would often hide away during such time that their period would start. Sanitary towels did not exist like they do today, and women were faced with using rags, clothes, or folded newspaper, or even moss, which would have been uncomfortable and unhygienic. There were not the best practices for washing such items, and so they would be reused over and over without proper sanitation, which increased the likelihood of these women getting infections. Other materials that were popular to use were sheepskin or leather vaginal pouches, but these were extremely costly and hard to wash. Many women suffered during their period as they do now with cramps, bloating, and headaches, and there were very few options for pain relief. With the absence of proper pain medication, women would use hot water bottles, warm baths, and herbal remedies. Opium was widely available at the time, but it had devastating consequences, and many women would become addicted to them, only exacerbating their emotional

symptoms which will lead to more shame. Society viewed women who were on their period as being emotionally unstable and weak, and so they were taught and forced to suppress their feelings and interaction with others. Scientists in the years that followed would begin to research into the menstrual cycle, which did go on to provide better information about it so that improvements could be made to women's lives. Please continue to support my channel by subscribing. Please comment, like, and subscribe if you wish for more stories, and leave your suggestions below, and I will endeavor to cover them.

The History Of The Victorian Toilet & Womens Hygiene

Past People

빅토리아 시대 화장실 및 폐기물 처리

빅토리아 시대에는 실내 화장실이 부족하여 오물통에 배설물을 처리해야 했습니다.

개인 위생을 위해 챔버 화분과 외양간을 사용하는 것이 일반적이었기 때문에 정교한 드레스를 입은 여성들이 사용하기에는 어려움이 많았습니다.

흙수저는 쓰레기를 수거하고 비료를 주는 데 중요한 역할을 했으며, 공중 화장실은 자주 비우지 않아 위생적이지 못했습니다.

빅토리아 시대 런던의 위생과 위생

빅토리아 시대 런던에서는 빠듯한 재정과 실내 배관 시설 부족으로 인해 위생 상태가 좋지 않아 가족들이 한 욕조에 물을 나눠 쓰고 며칠 동안 속옷을 갈아입지 않는 경우가 많았습니다.

런던의 급속한 산업화와 인구 증가로 인해 위생 상태가 열악해지면서 수만 명이 사망하는 콜레라가 네 차례나 발생했습니다.

토마스 크래퍼는 현대식 수세식 화장실과 위생복을 위한 공공 쇼룸 등 혁신을 통해 위생 관행을 발전시키고 위생용품을 더 널리 보급하는 데 기여했습니다.

과거 여성복은 여러 겹의 두꺼운 옷과 답답한 코르셋으로 인해 화장실 사용이 어려웠습니다.

챔버 포트는 가정에서 여성들이 보다 편리하게 사용할 수 있는 옵션으로, 눈에 띄지 않게 사용하고 운반할 수 있었습니다.

하수구에 대소변이 쌓이고 촛불로 불을 밝히면서 공중화장실에서는 또 다른 어려움과 위험이 발생했습니다.

과거 여성들은 비위생적이고 냄새가 나는 화장실을 이용해야 했고, 변기나 소변기 병을 이용해 은밀하게 용변을 해결해야 했습니다.

휴대용 변기와 속옷을 벗는 것이 일반적인 관행이었으며, 특권층 여성들은 화장실이 있는 별도의 방을 사용했습니다.

공중 화장실은 조명과 공간이 충분하지 않았기 때문에 당시 여성들은 정숙함과 예의를 유지하는 데 어려움을 겪었습니다.

월경하는 여성들의 역사적 투쟁

역사적으로 여성들은 생리 기간 동안 수치심과 부끄러움에 직면하여 불편하고 비위생적인 소재를 사용하여 생리대를 보호했습니다.

적절한 통증 완화 및 위생 관행의 부족은 감염과 정서적 불안정으로 이어졌습니다.

생리에 대한 사회의 부정적인 인식은 여성들의 어려움을 가중시켰지만, 과학적 연구는 결국 더 나은 정보를 제공하고 삶을 개선하는 데 기여했습니다.