신장 건강 이해하기: 신장 기능, 위험 및 예방

신장은 돌이킬 수 없는 손상을 방지하기 위해 세심한 관리가 필요한 중요한 장기입니다.

### 신장 건강 이해하기: 신장 기능, 위험 및 예방
* 신장은 강낭콩을 닮은 중요한 장기로 **가로 약 5cm, 세로 약 10~12cm, 무게는 150g 정도**이며 오른쪽 신장은 간 때문에 약간 아래에 위치해 있습니다.
* 💧 네프론은 매일 **약 150리터의 혈액을 여과**하여 노폐물을 제거하고 필수 성분을 재흡수하여 신체 기능을 유지하는 **약 100만 개의 네프론**을 포함하고 있습니다.
* ⚖ 신장은 **대사 노폐물 제거, 나트륨 및 전해질 조절, 혈압 조절, 칼슘 흡수, 혈액 형성 지원 등 6가지 주요 기능**을 수행합니다.
* ⚠ 당뇨병성 신장병, 고혈압성 신장 질환, 만성 사구체신염과 같은 질환으로 인해 신장이 손상될 수 있으며, **장기간 자극**을 받으면 신장에 해를 끼칠 수 있습니다.
* 🔍 신장 질환의 초기 증상으로는 **체중 증가, 발과 발목의 부종, 야뇨증, 소변 색 변화** 등이 있으며, 신장 손상이 발생한 후에 증상이 나타나는 경우가 많으므로 주의가 필요합니다.
* 💊 신장 손상의 주요 원인은 약물, 특히 **비스테로이드성 항염증제(NSAID)와 항생제**이며, 특히 고령자나 기존 건강 문제가 있는 사람은 신중하게 사용해야 합니다.
* 🌿 한약도 위험할 수 있으므로 전문가와 상담하고 **가짜 통초와 같이 신장에 해를 끼칠 수 있는 검증되지 않은 제품**은 심각한 손상을 초래할 수 있으므로 피하는 것이 중요합니다.
* 🥗 신장 건강을 유지하려면 **고혈압과 당뇨병 예방에 집중**하고 진통제에 과도하게 의존하지 않고 통증을 관리하며 **소금과 칼륨 섭취에 관한 식단 권장 사항**을 준수하세요.

The kidneys play a very important role in our body. Let me first tell you about their size. You can think of them as looking like kidney beans. As you all know, there are two of them, located on either side of the body. They measure about 5 cm in width, 10 to 12 cm in length, and about 3 cm in thickness. Their weight is around 150 grams. The kidneys are located roughly where you might feel back pain. It's worth noting that the right kidney is positioned slightly lower than the left, due to the presence of the liver pushing it down. The interior of the kidney, which resembles a kidney bean, is made up of many filters. There are about a million nephrons that help filter waste products from the blood in the body.

The kidneys filter substances and send them down to the bladder to be excreted as urine. They also help reabsorb essential components back into the body. Approximately 150 liters of blood are filtered daily. The kidneys perform six main functions. 

First, they remove metabolic waste products. Second, they regulate the amount of salt, or sodium, in the body, which helps control bodily fluids. Third, they maintain the balance of electrolytes, acids, and bases in the blood and bodily fluids. The roles of the second and third functions combine to help regulate blood pressure. Since blood pressure is influenced by these functions, taking blood pressure medication also affects kidney function. 

Fifth, the kidneys impact calcium absorption in the body. Lastly, they assist in the process of blood formation.

The kidneys are known to be organs that recover well, but why do we also hear that once they are damaged, they cannot be repaired? All organs fundamentally have the ability to self-repair, but when they are subjected to a load beyond a certain level, they can become damaged, leading to problems. People are particularly concerned about the medications they take, and there are three main causes that can easily lead to kidney damage. The first is diabetic nephropathy, which can occur due to diabetes. The second is hypertensive kidney disease. Lastly, the third is chronic glomerulonephritis, where chronic inflammation of the glomeruli can lead to damage. 

When we talk about diabetic nephropathy, diabetes causes changes in blood flow, relaxing the blood vessels in the kidneys and increasing the filtration capacity of the glomeruli. This can lead to...

The blood vessels are repeatedly damaged, and the basement membranes in the kidneys thicken, leading to injury. In the case of hypertension, as blood pressure increases, the pressure on the filters also rises. If this happens repeatedly, it can damage kidney function. Finally, concerning the glomeruli, there are abnormalities in immune function. Inflammation can occur in the body, or it may become infected due to toxic substances, among other reasons. Ultimately, these three factors do not cause immediate problems for the kidneys; rather, they provide consistent stimulation over the long term, leading to damage. Once the damage occurs, it needs to be repaired, but due to continuous stimulation from high blood pressure, diabetes, and inflammation, there is no opportunity for healing. There is also a reason why the kidneys tend to deteriorate: the glomerular filtration rate decreases, which can be noticeable.

You might think that it takes a long time to confirm that there is a problem, but if we discover it early, we can help the kidneys improve by being cautious. However, by the time we find it, the kidneys have often already lost their function, which makes it difficult to fix. It seems best to detect any issues as early as possible before damage occurs. When symptoms appear in my body, what are the early signs that should raise suspicion of kidney disease? Also, what do you think is the number one food that damages the kidneys? You just asked about the early symptoms, and as I mentioned earlier, detection is difficult. When symptoms appear, it means that the kidneys are already damaged, so it's best to be cautious. The most common early symptoms can include, first...

Weight gain, swelling in the feet and ankles, and swelling in the hands can occur, along with symptoms such as itching and fatigue. The reason for mentioning the feet and ankles is that there is a slight difference between swelling in the entire leg and swelling in the foot itself. Issues related to lymph circulation or varicose veins can mix with circulatory disorders in the lower limbs, so other symptoms should also be present. If only the feet are swollen, there is no need to worry too much about the kidneys. 

Secondly, nocturia may occur, which means waking up at night frequently to urinate or experiencing a sudden increase in urine volume followed by a sharp decrease. If the color of the urine has changed to a cola-like color, this indicates a potential kidney issue. 

Thirdly, if the kidneys start to fail and cannot properly manage normal acid-base metabolism or mineral metabolism, symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, swelling, or cramps may appear.

You asked for the number one worst food that can damage the kidneys. If we talk about the top cause, it is medication. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antibiotics are the leading culprits. For those over 65 years old, or those with a history of gastrointestinal issues, high blood pressure, or liver problems, it is essential to be very cautious with the use of antibiotics and NSAIDs. Of course, taking them for a week or two when you're sick is not a problem. However, taking them for three to four months continuously is something you need to be clearly careful about. Sometimes, people ask if traditional herbal medicine is okay. There are herbal ingredients like Deungchi and Gwanmoktong, which are not actually herbal medicines. They are listed as substances that should not be used clearly in herbal medicine. However, many people take them on their own without proper guidance. There are cases where people use medications that are known to promote lactation.

When we were learning at school, we often heard that if you confuse the real thing with a fake, your kidneys could be severely damaged. The professor repeated this five times, emphasizing that we must memorize the differences. When we were young, we saw that the fake product looked exactly like the real one. The fake product, called Tongcho, is still circulating in the market. When you go to the market, you'll see people selling it as Tongcho. However, these items do not look like the real thing; they resemble wood instead. Consuming this can definitely harm your kidneys. If you take it for a month, you can expect to have kidney issues 100%. It is essential to check whether the herbal medicine you are taking is certified by a doctor, a traditional medicine clinic, or the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety as a pharmaceutical product. Do not take something just because it seems good. For husbands who drink a lot, what is the famous herbal medicine they take to help with hangovers? It's the Heotgae tree, right? Yes, that Heotgae tree is a substitute medicine.

Eating can be bad for the liver, so it's important to know the appropriate dosage and duration to avoid harming the kidneys or liver. When discussing beneficial herbs, it's best not to take them alone; always consult a professional for safe consumption. To maintain healthy kidneys as you age, there are three essential things to keep in mind. It's simple: avoid high blood pressure, prevent diabetes, and refrain from overeating. Additionally, when you're in pain, try not to rely solely on painkillers; instead, manage your condition through various treatments to avoid needing medication. When advised by a doctor to regulate salt and calcium intake, it's crucial to follow those recommendations. If you've heard about a low-potassium diet, you should reduce foods like bananas, spinach, oranges, and tomatoes. Instead, it would be beneficial to increase your intake of foods low in potassium, such as apples, strawberries, and grapes. Today, we learned about the kidneys.

It is difficult to reverse diseases once they occur, so please be careful. I hope today's content has been helpful for your health. Thank you.

그냥 넘기면 절대 안됩니다. 소변에 이것 보이기 시작 하면 조만간 신장암에 걸립니다.

👉건쌤 프로필

- 경희대학교 한의과대학 졸업. 
- 경희대학교 한의과 대학원 석사 박사 
- 한방재활의학과 전문의 / 한의생리학 박사
- 전) 자생한방병원 (본원) 한방재활의학과 전문의
- 전) 대한체육회 의무, 선수관계자 의무위원
- 현) 경희대학교 한의과 겸임교수
- 현) 대한체육회 선수관계자위원회 한의사 위원
- 현) 대한장애인조정연맹 이사
- 현) 김한겸 한의원 원장

안녕하세요.
여러분의 건강 궁금증을 해결해 드리는 
"건강 나에게 물어봐!" [건나물TV]입니다

건나물TV는 여러분이 궁금해하는 임신, 건강, 다이어트, 
건강상식에 대해서 쉽고 재미있게 풀이해드리며
건강에 대한 잘못된 정보가 있다면 바로잡아드리기 위해 개설된 채널입니다.
AICOMPANY@N0E1OA


geonnamultv

콩 모양의 장기인 신장은 가로 약 5cm, 세로 10~12cm 크기로 오른쪽 신장이 왼쪽 신장보다 약간 아래에 위치합니다.

신장에는 혈액에서 노폐물을 걸러내는 약 100만 개의 네프론이 있으며, 매일 약 150리터의 혈액을 걸러냅니다.

신장은 대사 노폐물 제거, 나트륨 및 전해질 균형 조절, 혈압 유지, 칼슘 흡수, 혈액 형성 지원 등 6가지 주요 기능을 수행합니다.

신장은 자가 복구 능력이 있지만 과도한 부하가 가해지면 돌이킬 수 없는 손상을 초래할 수 있습니다.

신장 손상의 세 가지 주요 원인은 당뇨병성 신증, 고혈압성 신장 질환, 만성 사구체 신염입니다.

이러한 질환은 장기적으로 지속적으로 자극을 주어 신장이 치유되는 것을 방해하고 점진적인 기능 저하를 초래합니다.

신장 문제는 증상이 기존 손상을 나타내는 경우가 많으므로 조기에 발견하는 것이 중요합니다.

일반적인 초기 징후로는 체중 증가, 발과 발목의 부종, 가려움증, 피로감, 소변 패턴의 변화 등이 있습니다.

콜라와 같은 소변 색깔과 메스꺼움, 구토, 경련 등의 증상도 신장 기능 장애를 나타낼 수 있습니다.

신장 건강에 가장 나쁜 음식과 약물

특히 65세 이상이거나 특정 건강 문제가 있는 경우 약물, 특히 비스테로이드성 소염진통제 및 항생제는 신장 손상의 가장 큰 원인입니다.

등치, 관목통과 같은 한약재도 무분별하게 복용하면 해로울 수 있습니다.

나무를 닮은 가짜 제품인 통초는 여전히 유통되고 있으며 섭취할 경우 심각한 신장 문제를 일으킬 수 있습니다.

허브 섭취는 간에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있으므로 허브의 올바른 복용량과 기간을 알고 전문가와 상담하는 것이 중요합니다.

나이가 들어감에 따라 신장을 건강하게 유지하려면 고혈압을 피하고 당뇨병을 예방하며 과식을 삼가세요.

소금과 칼슘 섭취 조절에 대한 의사의 조언을 따르고 바나나 같은 음식을 줄이고 사과, 딸기, 포도 섭취를 늘리는 저칼륨 식단을 고려하세요.