Have you watched Episode 123 well because it contains very important content? For those who haven't seen it, please watch Episodes 1, 2, and 3 first. In Episode 1, we introduced a study on blood cholesterol levels and cognitive function in the Scottish Lothian region. When looking at the data, an overall pattern emerged. Why does overall brain function decrease when cholesterol levels are low? This image shows the cell membrane of a nerve cell. Here, there is a structure called a lipid raft, and the yellow part in between is cholesterol. Cholesterol not only prevents the lipid raft from spreading but also functions as an adhesive. Neurotransmitters essential for brain function such as acetylcholine, dopamine, and serotonin rely on this lipid raft to function properly. In other words, cholesterol is truly essential for brain function.

Cholesterol accounts for 25% of the cholesterol in the brain, even though the brain comprises only 2% of body weight. This means that the brain requires significantly more cholesterol, about 13 times more than other organs. A deficiency in cholesterol can lead to cognitive function decline, which is a natural consequence. In extreme cases, it may even lead to brain failure. This study focuses on the effects of statin use on cognitive function. The group using statins showed a significant decrease in overall cognitive function, as well as processing speed and memory. It is a natural consequence of decreased cholesterol due to statin use. Another study investigates the risk of dementia in the elderly population aged 70 to 79 with high total cholesterol levels. Data shows that as cholesterol levels increase in the 70s, the risk of dementia decreases by 23%.

The risk of occurrence decreased by more than three times compared to the group. At the age of 75, the risk of dementia decreased, and in the group with the highest cholesterol, the risk decreased by as much as five times. The same pattern was observed at the age of 79. In other words, in the elderly over 70 years old, as cholesterol levels increase, the risk of severe occurrence decreases. This time, we investigated total cholesterol and functional ability between the ages of 55 and 85. We examined getting up from a chair, walking 3 meters, putting on a cardigan, and looking at a book. In women, with total cholesterol below 201, performance ability and risk of occurrence increased by 2.5 times, and in men, it also increased by 3 times. Do you need to excessively lower your total cholesterol below 200? This time, we also studied the relationship between blood cholesterol levels and the risk of Parkinson's disease. Looking at the data, as the total cholesterol levels increase,

The risk of developing Parkinson's disease has significantly decreased. The decrease effect was observed for total cholesterol levels of 228 and above. Particularly in the elderly, if cholesterol is greatly reduced, there is a high possibility of serious brain function problems occurring. I am shocked and amazed by the fact that there are still societies recommending low-fat meals that remove all fats to lower cholesterol. To lower cholesterol, should we eat bean oil, corn oil, margarine instead of butter? Should we consume low-fat milk or skim milk instead of whole milk? Will you continue to recommend rice cakes and cereal as good foods, and say that noodles and cold noodles are good foods because they are low in fat? Will you not update the website? This time, let's look at the Framingham Heart Study. According to the data, as cholesterol levels increase, verbal fluency decreases.

It improves a lot. Learning and memory are better when cholesterol levels are higher. Concentration also significantly improves as cholesterol increases. Overall cognitive performance showed the same pattern. Researchers recommend a total cholesterol level of 200 or below, but in the group with levels below 200, overall cognitive function and performance were significantly impaired. On average, people who are unique, articulate, and intelligent often have high cholesterol. Now let's talk about the impact of Rosuvastatin on cognitive function. In terms of concentration, the group receiving Rosuvastatin performed much worse. In almost all cognitive functions such as mental processing speed, mental flexibility, working memory, and memory recall, the group taking the medication performed much worse compared to the control group that did not take the medication. Just a moment ago, it was similar to a Russian study.

Patterns, it's a matter of overall cognitive function. It's natural. Should we still expect salvation from statins while eating non-greasy rice cakes? Is a low-fat diet really a healthy diet? Low-fat diets were proven to be meaningless back in 2006. In order to confirm whether a low-fat diet reduces the risk of chronic diseases, a research of the largest scale ever, with a budget of 500 billion, was conducted. The results showed that a low-fat diet has no effect on preventing chronic diseases such as breast cancer, colon cancer, heart failure, and stroke. At that time, the atmosphere was like this. The negative results from this study were unexpectedly and disappointingly received by the nutrition community. Researchers clearly expressed their unwillingness to believe the results that a low-fat diet does not prevent breast cancer, colon cancer, and heart disease. Why would they not want to believe it?

Do you do comedy? Just believe it. Since the announcement of the low-fat dietary guidelines in 1977, ignoring numerous objections, we have been living in the era of low-fat. In this process, diabetes has been explosively increasing. Should we continue the low-fat diet? Consuming saturated fats increases LDL, but neutral fats, one of the root causes of chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, decrease, and HDL increases. Especially, when following a low-carb high-fat diet, this pattern is more clearly visible. As the neutral fat to HDL ratio decreases, the risk of cardiovascular disease also decreases. As insulin levels decrease, the risk of diabetes and hypertension also decreases. As visceral fat decreases, the risk of metabolic syndrome, the root cause of many diseases, also decreases. In other words, it means that blood vessels can become healthier. In this study, with a high-fat diet,

I compared low-fat meals. In the high-fat group, the HTL level increased by 12 after 52 weeks, but there was almost no change in the low-fat meal group. In another study, in just 90 days of a high-fat diet, HDL increased by about 12. Eating a high-fat diet like this will significantly increase the HTL level. What happens when the blood HTL level increases? This time, I studied HDL, Alzheimer's disease severity, in the normal group, the HDL level was 63.8, but in the Alzheimer's dementia group, it was 51.8, showing a significant difference. Cognitive function scores also showed an increasing trend as HTL increased. Will you follow a low-fat diet to prevent or treat dementia, or will you follow a high-fat diet? In other similar studies, the risk of dementia decreased by about 60% when the HTL level was above 55. Now, let's talk about LDL. When you have a high-fat diet, LDL increases. This time, let's talk about the LDL level.

We researched the risk ratio for dementia. The most critical factor for dementia was when LDL was below 112, and as the LDL levels increased, the risk decreased significantly. Researchers stated that high LDL levels are associated with a decrease in dementia occurrence and have a potential protective effect against cognitive impairment. Similar studies have confirmed that in groups with high total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol, the risk of cognitive impairment is significantly reduced by 27%, 19%, and 19%, respectively. This time, we compared mild cognitive impairment and normal individuals in the pre-dementia stage. The average total cholesterol was 192 in the normal cognition group and 177 in the mild cognitive impairment group. HDL cholesterol showed a difference between the normal group at 53.8 and the mild cognitive impairment group at 52.6. LDL cholesterol exhibited a significant difference between the normal group at 111 and the mild cognitive impairment group at 103. In other words, low total cholesterol levels and low HDL cholesterol levels were associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment.

The LDL and HDL levels showed a significant association with mild cognitive impairment, a pre-stage of dementia. Let's look at a case of a rehospitalized patient who recently had a stroke. He is a 51-year-old man with no underlying conditions, does not drink alcohol or smoke. He was not taking any medications such as statins. Was his total cholesterol high? It was only 159, which is much lower than the national average of 190. This means he is 31 points below the average. Was his LDL cholesterol high? No, it was 89, significantly lower than the national average of 115, which is 26 points lower. Even though his total cholesterol and LDL are low, why does he have so many issues with his blood vessels? However, as I always mention, his triglycerides were very high at 292, and his LDL was only 38. This pattern of high triglycerides and low HDL is characteristic of cardiovascular disease patients. When the triglyceride to HDL ratio is above 4, it indicates a high-risk group for cardiovascular disease, which is the case for him.

With 7.7, which exceeds 4, this person falls into the category of very high risk for cardiovascular disease. Total cholesterol LDL is not the most important factor. It can be low or high in acute cardiovascular diseases like cerebral infarction, making it unpredictable. However, the ratio of neutral triglycerides to HDL is significantly different. Referring back to the study introduced in the previous segment, in acute coronary syndrome, meaning patients hospitalized for acute heart attacks, the LDL values were most frequently between 70 and 114. This implies that individuals with much lower LDL levels experienced acute heart attacks. In other words, LDL is a very poor indicator as a predictor of cardiovascular disease. In this study, the ratio of neutral triglycerides to HTL was 4.1. As mentioned, if it is above 4, it indicates a high risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the ratio of neutral triglycerides to HTL is clinically much more important and effective. This time, we researched the levels of vitamin B19 and the degree of inflammation.

As the level of vitamin B1 increases, my atrophy decreased. To maintain brain size, vitamin B1 is crucial. Vitamin B1 is mainly found in animal products such as eggs, fish, and meat. Having treated dementia patients for over 20 years professionally, I firmly believe that those who regularly consume healthy fats like eggs, fish, and meat are less likely to develop dementia. Sufficient intake of healthy fats helps maintain cholesterol levels necessary for brain function and enables the maintenance of a healthy brain size with adequate intake of vitamin B1. Will you choose a low-fat diet or a high-fat diet for brain health? Conversely, continuing a low-fat diet reduces LDL but also decreases HDL, while increasing triglycerides. In other words, the issue arises when triglycerides increase while the HDL ratio increases.

The risk of cardiovascular disease also increases, and as the insulin levels in the blood rise, the risk of developing diabetes and hypertension also increases. With the increase of visceral fat, the risk of metabolic syndrome also increases. In other words, it means that vascular health can deteriorate. When summarizing the contents from part 1 to this part 4, it can be judged that a low-fat diet may actually increase the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, Parkinson's disease, and sales, and it is likely to increase the overall mortality rate. Despite the fact that excessive carbohydrate intake is much more harmful to heart health than cholesterol, it is frustrating and worrisome to see people still insisting on a low-fat diet. The fact that fat and cholesterol are harmful is far past its expiration date.

This is an old hypothesis. If you insist on clinging to such outdated hypotheses, many people will lose their health. It is essential to recognize the fact that lowering LDL excessively can impair brain function and increase the risk of dementia. We will see you again in Health Deal Episode 5. Then, Doctor 3 will come back with even better videos next time. If you enjoyed my video, please press like and subscribe. Doctor 3 supports your health.

"이것" 부족해지면 뇌신경이 파괴됩니다 [LDL 4편] 난 니가 콜레스테롤에 한짓을 알고있다

안녕하세요. 신경외과 전문의 닥터쓰리입니다. 제 채널에서는 평소에 누구나 궁금해하는 의학 상식과 병원에서는 절대 들을 수 없는 진짜 의료정보, 그리고 잘못된 의학상식을 바로 잡는 가이드 역할을 충실히 하겠습니다

닥터쓰리 - 한미일의사의 쉬운 의학

🧠 콜레스테롤과 뇌 기능: 중요한 연관성

**콜레스테롤은 뇌 기능에 필수적**이며, 뇌는 신체 콜레스테롤의 25%를 사용합니다. 이는 다른 장기보다 약 13배 더 많은 양입니다. 콜레스테롤 부족은 인지 기능 저하 및 심각한 경우 뇌 기능 부전으로 이어질 수 있습니다.

연구에 따르면 **스타틴 사용은 인지 기능, 처리 속도 및 기억력 저하와 관련**이 있습니다. 또한, 70대 노인의 경우 총 콜레스테롤 수치가 높을수록 치매 위험이 감소하는 것으로 나타났습니다.

📉 콜레스테롤 수치와 질병 위험: 다양한 연구 결과

55세에서 85세 사이의 여성을 대상으로 한 연구에서 **총 콜레스테롤이 201 미만인 경우 수행 능력과 질병 위험이 증가**했습니다. 남성에게서도 유사한 결과가 관찰되었습니다. 또한, 총 콜레스테롤 수치가 증가함에 따라 파킨슨병 발병 위험이 현저히 감소했습니다.

프레이밍햄 심장 연구에 따르면 **콜레스테롤 수치가 높을수록 언어 유창성, 학습 및 기억력이 향상**됩니다. 집중력 또한 콜레스테롤 증가에 따라 크게 향상되었습니다. 연구진은 총 콜레스테롤 수치 200 이하인 그룹에서 전반적인 인지 기능 및 수행 능력이 현저히 저하되었다고 밝혔습니다.

💊 스타틴과 인지 기능: 부정적인 영향

**로수바스타틴 복용 그룹은 집중력, 정신 처리 속도, 정신 유연성, 작업 기억 및 기억 회상과 같은 거의 모든 인지 기능에서 대조군보다 훨씬 저조한 수행 능력**을 보였습니다.

🚫 저지방 식단의 진실: 효과 없음

2006년, **저지방 식단이 만성 질환 위험을 줄이는지 확인하기 위한 대규모 연구 결과, 저지방 식단은 유방암, 대장암, 심부전 및 뇌졸중과 같은 만성 질환 예방에 효과가 없는 것으로 나타났습니다.**

🥑 고지방 식단의 이점: HDL 증가 및 혈관 건강 개선

**포화 지방 섭취는 LDL을 증가시키지만, 중성 지방을 감소시키고 HDL을 증가시킵니다.** 특히 저탄수화물 고지방 식단을 따르면 이러한 경향이 더욱 뚜렷하게 나타납니다. 중성 지방/HDL 비율이 감소함에 따라 심혈관 질환 위험도 감소합니다.

연구에 따르면 **고지방 식단은 HDL 수치를 크게 증가**시킵니다. HDL 수치가 증가하면 알츠하이머병의 심각도가 감소하는 경향을 보이며, 인지 기능 점수도 증가합니다.

⚠️ LDL 수치와 치매 위험: 낮은 LDL의 위험성

**치매에 가장 중요한 요인은 LDL 수치가 112 미만일 때이며, LDL 수치가 증가할수록 치매 위험이 현저히 감소**합니다. 높은 LDL 수치는 치매 발생 감소와 관련이 있으며, 인지 장애에 대한 잠재적인 보호 효과가 있습니다.

🩺 임상 사례: 중성지방/HDL 비율의 중요성

재입원한 51세 뇌졸중 환자의 경우 총 콜레스테롤과 LDL 수치는 낮았지만, **중성지방 수치가 매우 높고 HDL 수치가 낮았습니다. 이는 중성지방/HDL 비율이 4 이상인 경우 심혈관 질환 고위험군에 해당함을 시사**합니다.

**급성 심근경색으로 입원한 환자의 LDL 수치는 70~114 사이인 경우가 가장 흔했습니다.** 즉, LDL 수치가 훨씬 낮은 사람들도 급성 심장 마비를 겪었습니다. 중성지방/HDL 비율이 임상적으로 훨씬 더 중요하고 효과적인 지표입니다.

🥚 비타민 B1과 뇌 건강: 동물성 식품의 중요성

**비타민 B1 수치가 증가할수록 뇌 위축이 감소합니다.** 비타민 B1은 주로 계란, 생선, 고기와 같은 동물성 제품에서 발견됩니다. 건강한 지방과 비타민 B1을 충분히 섭취하면 뇌 기능에 필요한 콜레스테롤 수치를 유지하고 건강한 뇌 크기를 유지할 수 있습니다.

📉 저지방 식단의 위험성: 만성 질환 위험 증가

저지방 식단을 계속하면 LDL은 감소하지만 HDL도 감소하고 중성지방은 증가합니다. 이는 심혈관 질환 위험을 증가시키고, 인슐린 수치를 상승시켜 당뇨병 및 고혈압 위험을 증가시키며, 내장 지방 증가로 인해 대사 증후군 위험을 증가시킵니다.

결론적으로, **저지방 식단은 당뇨병, 고혈압, 대사 증후군, 파킨슨병과 같은 만성 질환 위험을 증가시키고, 전반적인 사망률을 높일 가능성이 있습니다. LDL을 과도하게 낮추면 뇌 기능이 손상되고 치매 위험이 증가할 수 있다는 사실을 인지해야 합니다.**

콜레스테롤과 뇌 기능의 중요성

낮은 콜레스테롤 수치가 뇌 기능 저하를 초래하는 이유 설명: 신경 세포막의 지질 뗏목 구조와 콜레스테롤의 역할.

뇌 기능에 필수적인 신경 전달 물질(아세틸콜린, 도파민, 세로토닌)이 지질 뗏목에 의존.

뇌는 신체 콜레스테롤의 25%를 차지하며, 다른 기관보다 약 13배 더 많은 콜레스테롤을 필요로 함.

스타틴 사용과 인지 기능 저하의 연관성

스타틴 사용 그룹에서 인지 기능, 처리 속도, 기억력의 현저한 감소 관찰.

70-79세 노인에서 총 콜레스테롤 수치가 높을수록 치매 위험 감소.

콜레스테롤 수치와 기능 능력 및 파킨슨병 위험의 관계

55-85세 여성에서 총 콜레스테롤이 201 이하일 경우 수행 능력 및 발생 위험 증가.

총 콜레스테롤 수치가 증가할수록 파킨슨병 발병 위험 감소 (228 이상에서 효과 관찰).

낮은 콜레스테롤 권장 식단의 문제점 및 프레이밍햄 연구 결과

노인에게 콜레스테롤을 과도하게 줄이면 심각한 뇌 기능 문제 발생 가능성 높음.

프레이밍햄 연구에 따르면 콜레스테롤 수치가 높을수록 언어 유창성, 학습 및 기억력, 집중력이 향상됨.

콜레스테롤 수치가 200 이하인 그룹에서 전반적인 인지 기능 및 수행 능력 저하.

로수바스타틴이 인지 기능에 미치는 부정적인 영향

로수바스타틴 복용 그룹이 집중력, 정신 처리 속도, 정신적 유연성, 작업 기억, 기억 회상 등 거의 모든 인지 기능에서 더 낮은 수행 능력을 보임.

저지방 식단의 효과에 대한 대규모 연구 결과

5천억 예산의 대규모 연구 결과, 저지방 식단이 유방암, 대장암, 심부전, 뇌졸중과 같은 만성 질환 예방에 효과 없음이 밝혀짐.

포화 지방 섭취와 중성 지방, HDL 수치 변화

포화 지방 섭취는 LDL을 증가시키지만, 중성 지방을 감소시키고 HDL을 증가시킴. 특히 저탄고지 식단에서 이러한 경향이 뚜렷함.

높은 지방 식단이 HDL 수치를 증가시키고, 중성 지방/HDL 비율을 감소시켜 심혈관 질환 위험을 낮춤.

HDL과 LDL 수치가 치매 위험에 미치는 영향

알츠하이머 치매 그룹에서 정상 그룹보다 HDL 수치가 현저히 낮음. HDL 수치가 높을수록 인지 기능 점수 증가 경향.

LDL 수치가 112 이하일 때 치매 위험이 가장 높으며, LDL 수치가 증가할수록 위험 감소.

경도 인지 장애 환자와 정상인의 콜레스테롤 수치 비교

정상 인지 그룹에 비해 경도 인지 장애 그룹에서 총 콜레스테롤, HDL 콜레스테롤, LDL 콜레스테롤 수치가 낮음.

뇌졸중으로 재입원한 환자 사례 분석

51세 남성 환자의 총 콜레스테롤 및 LDL 수치가 낮지만, 중성 지방 수치가 매우 높고 HDL 수치가 낮음.

중성 지방/HDL 비율이 4 이상으로 심혈관 질환 고위험군에 속함.

심혈관 질환 예측 지표로서의 중성 지방/HDL 비율의 중요성

급성 심근 경색 환자의 LDL 수치는 70-114 사이에 가장 흔하게 분포. LDL은 심혈관 질환 예측 지표로서 효과적이지 않음.

중성 지방/HDL 비율이 4 이상이면 심혈관 질환 고위험군으로 간주되며, 임상적으로 더 중요하고 효과적인 지표임.

비타민 B1 섭취와 뇌 건강의 연관성

비타민 B1 수치가 높을수록 뇌 위축 감소. 비타민 B1은 주로 계란, 생선, 고기 등 동물성 제품에 풍부.

건강한 지방 섭취는 뇌 기능에 필요한 콜레스테롤 수치를 유지하고, 비타민 B1 섭취를 통해 건강한 뇌 크기를 유지하는 데 도움.

저지방 식단의 장기적인 위험성 및 결론

저지방 식단은 LDL을 감소시키지만 HDL도 감소시키고 중성 지방을 증가시켜 심혈관 질환, 당뇨병, 고혈압, 대사 증후군 등의 위험을 증가시킬 수 있음.

과도한 탄수화물 섭취가 콜레스테롤보다 심장 건강에 더 해로움에도 불구하고, 여전히 저지방 식단을 고집하는 것은 우려스러움.

LDL을 과도하게 낮추면 뇌 기능 손상 및 치매 위험 증가 가능성을 인지해야 함.