방글라데시 시위, 인터넷 검열, VPN 사용 동향

방글라데시의 젊은이들이 공무원 부패에 반대하는 시위를 벌이면서 인터넷 접속을 위한 VPN 사용이 급증하고 있습니다.

### 인터넷 검열과 VPN 사용의 복잡한 환경
* 🌐 방글라데시에서는 공무원 할당제와 관련된 시위가 계속되는 가운데 인터넷 연결 문제가 부각되면서 **구글 서버가 있는 사설 네트워크**를 구축하는 데 복잡한 절차가 필요했습니다.
* 📢 주로 20~30대 젊은 층이 주도하는 이 시위는 **국가 영웅의 자녀에게 특혜를 주는 할당제 논란**에서 비롯된 것으로, 부패와 특권에 대한 비난으로 이어지고 있습니다.
* 📱 페이스북과 인스타그램과 같은 소셜 미디어 플랫폼은 젊은이들 사이의 소통에 중요한 역할을 하고 있으며, 불안이 고조되는 가운데 **정부는 인터넷 검열을 시행**하고 있습니다.
* 🔒 검열에 대한 대응으로 개인이 제한을 우회하고 정보에 계속 액세스할 수 있는 방법을 찾으면서 **VPN 사용량이 무려 51% 증가**했습니다.
* 🚫 방글라데시의 검열은 **다른 국가, 특히 차단된 콘텐츠에 액세스하려면 VPN이 필수적**이며 여행자는 **엄격한 모바일 검열**을 통과해야 하는 중국과 유사합니다.
* 🛡 처음에는 안전한 데이터 전송을 위해 설계된 VPN은 **검열을 우회하는 도구**로 발전했지만, 익명성과 관련된 오해와 오명으로 인해 원래의 목적이 가려지는 경우가 많습니다.
* 🔍 VPN은 개인 정보 보호 계층을 제공하지만 사용자의 IP 주소를 추적할 가능성을 없애지 못하기 때문에 **VPN 업체가 광고하는 노로그 정책의 실효성에 대한 우려**가 제기됩니다.
* 💻 궁극적으로 인터넷의 복잡성과 검열의 현실로 인해 사용자들은 **프라이버시와 표현의 자유가 지속적으로 위험에 처하는 환경**을 탐색해야 하는 어려움을 겪고 있습니다.

I want to create a private network with Google servers. I need to buy a cable, go to Incheon Airport, and plug it into the Google server to establish the private network. This is the current situation in Bangladesh. Is there a war? No, but there are massive protests happening, especially among young people in their 20s and 30s. They are currently in the midst of demonstrations. It seems to be an issue related to the civil servant quota system. They created a quota that allows the children of national heroes to pass the civil service exams, and it has caused a huge uproar. People believe that this is something that should be compromised. However, in Bangladesh, the national heroes are mostly from the established political elite, those who are already well-off. In our country, national heroes are often associated with war, while here, the country gained independence peacefully. Consequently, they are distributing civil service positions to already privileged individuals.

People are in an uproar, saying that this is corruption. What happens when young people get upset? How do those in their 20s and 30s communicate? They communicate through the internet, using platforms like Facebook and Instagram. So, what kind of judgments will the government make? They start making these kinds of decisions. This place is where internet monitoring happens. Suddenly, the network connection in Bangladesh drops significantly. What is going on? In Bangladesh, social media is causing issues, just like in our country, where YouTubers are a problem. Since there is chaos on platforms like YouTube and social media, they decide that internet censorship is necessary, so they temporarily block the internet. How do people respond? Being adaptable creatures, they find ways to overcome it. The usage of VPNs has increased by 51%. They can't completely cut off access, so they start to censor illegal sites and similar content.

As soon as we started, the usage of VPNs has increased more than 50 times in just a few months. This is the current situation. When we think of censorship, another country comes to mind, and it’s impossible not to think of it. Here, the level of censorship is different. If you resemble something, even Winnie the Pooh becomes a target of censorship. This evokes certain associations. Therefore, when we look at VPN usage by country, China is the overwhelming leader. Has anyone here traveled to China? It is said that a VPN is essential when traveling to China. You can't access YouTube, and KakaoTalk is also blocked. So, people traveling to China must install a VPN before they go. From July, they are reportedly strengthening mobile phone inspections. Imagine you’re just traveling, and suddenly the police approach you and say, “Give me your phone.” If you open it and KakaoTalk is on, you could be taken away. This applies to travelers as well. In this situation, there was a messenger that shouted All-taku.

In a world where censorship is severe, we are advocating for the protection of anonymity for such individuals. As it stands, Telegram has significantly lost its image in our country, and now, when someone mentions using Telegram, they are often misunderstood as being suspicious. This is the reality in our country, right? So, I wanted to shed that image of Telegram, but now it feels like a situation where I’m becoming a crusader for justice. In this context, I wonder if I can join my friend over there. The Tor browser wasn’t originally developed for malicious purposes, right? However, it has unfortunately gained a reputation as a dark web tool, and it has been stigmatized as a den for criminals. I don’t know if its branding can ever be cleansed, but currently, what’s drawing attention are VPNs, Telegram, and the Tor browser. Of course, the situation may be similar in Korea as well.

You may have seen the site quite a bit, right? When you're browsing the internet, this site appears, and it’s a page that you absolutely should not visit. This is not just DNS censorship; it has been strengthened through HTTPS. Because of this, I wonder if VPN companies are expecting an increase in demand in Korea. Recently, there have been a lot of VPN advertisements. When I checked, about 90% of the ads on YouTube were for VPNs. The reason is that the best way to avoid censorship right now is through a VPN. The original purpose of a VPN has been somewhat distorted. It was created to securely transmit data over a network. A Virtual Private Network is essentially a private network. For data to be transmitted securely, it needs to be sent over a private connection, which is very safe because no one can see it. However, in reality, it is not possible to connect to a truly private network. You can’t establish a private connection with Google servers.

When you say you want to create a network, you might think about buying cables, plugging them into your computer, and then taking those cables to Incheon Airport. From there, you would board a plane, arrive at Google, and plug those cables into the Google server to establish a private network. But that doesn’t make sense, right? So, let’s implement this concept virtually, as if these two points are directly connected. The technology that allows us to create a virtual private network is called VPN. Originally, a VPN works like this: you have your computer and you want to connect to a server via VPN. You set up the VPN on both ends to establish the connection. However, nowadays, what does VPN mean? When you use a VPN to access Google, that connection isn’t made in the way you might think. There is absolutely no direct connection between your computer and Google. Instead, there is a VPN server that your computer connects to.

This allows the device to exchange data with Google or other places, so the protection is only effective here. That's right. You could say that when you use Wi-Fi at a café, you connect to Google and exchange data. The device here knows that you are accessing Google, right? But when you use a VPN, it doesn't directly say that you are going to Google. Instead, it connects to the VPN, and you tell the VPN that you want to access Google. The VPN then manages the data exchange. Consequently, the nearby Wi-Fi devices or computers cannot see where you are going. Naturally, they cannot view your data either because this is a virtual private network. The structure is such that, through encryption, it appears as if you are on a private network, even though it's not one in reality.

There is a technology called VPN that makes it seem like no one can see this data. Currently, VPNs are often used for various purposes, such as routing data through a VPN server to access different locations. This means they also have proxy features, which is why some people use VPNs. This can be referred to as IP masking, or in a negative sense, IP laundering. When using public Wi-Fi, if you feel uneasy about using the café's Wi-Fi, using a VPN is one option. The reason people use VPNs on sites like TryHackMe is that there is a network you can connect to via VPN. Accessing the internet on that network can be challenging. 

So, the conclusion is that the internet is complicated. Do VPN companies not know the original user's IP? VPN companies do know. It's funny because, as mentioned, the data is routed through a VPN server. If someone uses a VPN to post malicious comments, the site can still track it. If they trace the IP, they can find out which site it came from.

A VPN shows my IP address, not yours. You might not understand that, but ironically, it is on the VPN server. Ultimately, what we want is to not leave any records, which is why there is a no-log policy. You would want that, right? In fact, I wonder if there are places that actually enforce no-logs. VPN companies advertise this a lot, saying, We never keep any records. If the FBI, NSA, or international police ask for logs, we will never provide them. How dare they ask for logs? We are not that kind of company.

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방글라데시의 시위와 인터넷 검열

방글라데시에서 국가 영웅의 자녀에게 유리한 공무원 할당제로 인해 논란이 되고 있는 대규모 시위가 벌어지고 있습니다.

시위는 주로 20~30대 젊은이들이 주도하고 있으며, 소셜 미디어를 통해 조직하고 소통하고 있습니다.

이러한 불안에 대응하기 위해 정부는 인터넷 검열을 시행하고 일시적으로 접속을 차단했으며, 사람들이 제한을 우회할 방법을 찾으면서 VPN 사용량이 51% 증가했습니다.

엄격한 검열로 인해 VPN 사용량이 몇 달 만에 50배 이상 증가했으며, 중국은 VPN 사용량이 가장 많은 국가입니다.

YouTube와 카카오톡과 같은 인기 앱이 차단되고 휴대폰 검열이 강화되고 있기 때문에 중국을 여행하는 여행객은 여행 전에 VPN을 설치하는 것이 좋습니다.

텔레그램과 토르 브라우저 사용에 대한 오명이 커지면서 두 도구 모두 범죄 활동과 연관되어 있으며, 익명성과 검열로부터의 보호에 대한 필요성은 여전히 중요합니다.

DNS 검열과 HTTPS 시행으로 인해 한국에서 VPN에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있습니다.

VPN의 원래 목적은 개인 네트워크를 통해 데이터를 안전하게 전송하는 것이었지만, 이 개념은 왜곡되었습니다.

오늘날 VPN은 Google과 같은 서비스와 직접 연결하지 않고 사용자의 컴퓨터를 서버에 연결하는 방식으로 작동합니다.

VPN은 서버를 통해 데이터를 라우팅하여 주변 기기에서 사용자의 온라인 활동을 보기 어렵게 함으로써 개인 정보 보호 계층을 제공합니다.

IP 마스킹 및 프록시 기능을 제공하기 때문에 사람들은 다른 위치에 액세스하고 공용 Wi-Fi를 사용하는 등 다양한 용도로 VPN을 사용합니다.

하지만 VPN 업체는 여전히 원래 사용자의 IP에 액세스할 수 있으므로 악의적인 활동을 소스까지 추적할 수 있습니다.

VPN은 사용자의 IP 주소를 표시하지만 실제 IP는 VPN 서버에 있습니다.

노로그 정책은 어떤 기록도 보관하지 않겠다고 약속하며 VPN 업체들이 광고합니다.

이러한 업체는 FBI나 NSA와 같은 당국에 로그을 절대 제공하지 않는다고 주장합니다.