Yes, so we did the experiment with 10,000 people, observing them for about 5 years. Then, if someone dies, it will come out, right? If they don't die, it's safe, right? So, losing 5-5% of body weight is good, right? That's why suddenly there's a lot of time for greetings. It may be slow but it's a cool and fun meeting, wasting your time. Nice to meet you, everyone. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you. This is what the brain does. As I mentioned earlier, the brain needs the hippocampus in the middle, in blue. Those are the things the healthy brain does. It regulates metabolism to keep our bodies healthy, and the rest is for the CNS, which means the brain. There's a big brain drawn there. So, on the far left, it's now about seeing external stimuli. Over there, you see strawberries and donuts. But how do you distinguish between strawberries and donuts? If you look to the right, there's a letter ㄱ which represents food memory in the hippocampus. Why is this so?

Even Africans might not know what that is when they first see it. Only those who have eaten it know. That's a strawberry. Remembering that is important. And in the middle, the ultimate decision-maker is about the system of decision-making rewards. Whether it's good or bad to eat, if you eat it, you'll be happy. So, we, the Akka Stars, have made a decision to eat it. We have drawn a unified theory based on this decision. We are conducting all research based on this unified theory. Just like the theory of relativity or quantum theory, there should be something like a theory of behavior. We are planning to publish a separate paper on why we behave as we do. It hasn't been published yet, but could you give us a little preview? Oh, sure. So, with this unified theory, we can explain all behaviors, not just eating.

What I'm trying to claim is that I can explain everything about a girlfriend relationship. So, at the bottom left, there is a state. Currently, what is lacking or excessive? In reality, there is food on the ship, and in social relationships, there are either too many relationships or too lonely. These are all states, right? If there is a state, there is a brain. If a brain is needed, it's necessary. Let's think about how much we need. How much rice do we need? How much cold noodles do we need? Then, we can think we need about one bowl of respect. There is a need for thinking about needs. Then, the next step is motivation or desire. So, the amount of need and desire often go hand in hand, but there are also cases where they are separate. Especially, the easiest thing is that when there is no need, desires arise the most. Oh, I ate well. Do I need donuts or chocolate ice cream? I don't really need them.

When the body stops, there is desire, right? When you take action, it creates immediate pleasure and delight. When you put cold noodles in your mouth, it tastes good, right? Then you take another spoonful. Through this small loop, if you cycle between one spoon and two spoons for about 10 minutes, it ends with Ah, I finished eating. After that, satisfaction comes about 30 minutes or an hour later. If the food was good, even if you are not consciously aware, you somehow feel good. If you ate well, I wrote prediction on the left side of the necessary part and sensation. However, the necessity of prediction as a factor is important in theory. Because if your refrigerator is empty, you order. Then the refrigerator is not filled yet. Even if the order arrives, within 5 minutes...

You can also place an order, right? You don't order. Do you need food now? Or in a different ratio, there is a debt of 100 million won. I will lend you 100 million won tomorrow. Then you need 100 million won. You don't need it now, right? You don't have 100 million won now, so even if the current situation doesn't change, it will change significantly based on predictions. It was good for a moment because in terms of evolution or animal management, when animals that predict and animals that do not predict compete, animals that predict always win. Why? Because they end up overeating. If you predict too much or overeat, if you know that one bowl of jjajangmyeon is enough, you should stop ordering more. Animals that cannot predict keep ordering jjajangmyeon. It is necessary to prevent even ten bowls now. However,

Today, my paper is about my prediction, so now hormones are coming out. So, the yellow parts written there are each responsible for it, like the brain map we have shown one by one. Yes, the red paper is Nature.com, which in 2013 and 2014 found the neurons of those synchronous neurons. On the left is today's protagonist, Science Prediction Neurons. Yes, so our DMH is a region, like, what, the West California area. Behind that, there is LEPR mentioned, which is a receptor with GP1R written on it. That GP1 can fit into a pocket receptor. So, there are people in the DMH region, like California, who have pockets where GP1 can fit perfectly, and these people are in charge of predictions. This is the title of my paper. That's the essence. Yes, yes. This can be researched.

In terms of tools, tools related to neuroscience have been developed, such as neurofeedback and hypnosis tools. By implanting a fiber optic cable into the brain, it is possible to measure and manipulate it. So, when I mentioned naengmyeon (cold noodles) to Hangseong earlier, just by looking, it is possible to see if his interest went up, and if he suddenly wants to eat it, it can be induced. You shouldn't plug it in, right? So, showing two misunderstanding papers on that, ultimately, when you turn on the laser like that, the mouse suddenly becomes full, like giving them a gummy bear to stop them from eating. I am forcibly manipulating it now, and then, in this year's paper, when we did something similar to a monkey, about ten years ago, there is something written on the left side of the horizon, Perry Ferrari Peripheral, which indicates what kind of area it is. So, two.

There were two factions. The obesity treatment faction said we need to target the brainwaves on the right side and buy land in Gangnam. The left side is the peripheral faction. It's not about the brain but about attacking things like fat and the liver. So, the two factions split, and I chose the brainwave faction because my belief is that it's an appetite issue. Since this is related to food, I chose the betting side. Then, this is now related to history, the history of humanity. So, there are several landmarks. In 2005, it was approved for diabetes, and I was working in the hospital at that time. Originally, no one knew that GP 1 would become obese. It was unimaginable at all. At that time, it wasn't. From the first discovery, this was known as the longest insulin. Why did they develop a drug if insulin distribution was known as the mechanism? So, in 2005, it was for diabetes treatment.

I wrote that I wish, but at that time, when I looked at the clinical trial results with the professors at the hospital, it was so strange that weight was dropping, about 5%. Usually, when a new drug comes out, like anticancer drugs or some kind of immunotherapy, if weight drops by 5%, it's dangerous. It's not a good sign because there is a high risk of withdrawal. Normally, weight loss is a sign of other side effects, like liver toxicity or some kind of toxicity, causing weight loss abnormally. If you continue to use it as it is, you could even die. So, I was worried about the risk of withdrawal. It's severe negativity. However, you don't die. No one does. Even though some weight is lost, it's because of some other toxic components, which is not a good form. Because we are all inductive, so it's more about the result than the theory. That's why diabetes

I prescribe it and observe about a thousand people for five years. Then, if someone dies, it will come out. If they don't die, well, then it's safe. So, they lose 5% of their weight, 5kg, right? That's good, right? Yes, it is. So suddenly, like changing directions while taking steps backward, oh, this is unbelievable. They change it without even knowing the mechanism of obesity. So, now, looking back at my life, I mentioned that ten years ago, in 2015, my first research funding was for what? Yes, yes. So, I researched backward and also researched as a person. Because back then, we didn't know why weight was being lost, so let's research it. That's how it started. Ten years ago. Then, two years ago, this professor's work ultimately supports what the students do continuously. I saw a love letter asking for 50 million won. Please give it to me. They refused, but still, they

If you have the freedom to make that proposal, I would like to suggest a space bar concept. I couldn't eat it, and the main product was produced last year, but this was already a bit of a trend. So, the country was okay with researching the main product. However, the method I proposed was a bit unique. I wanted to research mice, monkeys, and humans. It was difficult to do, so the Ministry of Health and Welfare approved it. This became a very important turning point in my life. In 2017, seven years ago, I wrote an editorial commentary. It was at the end of the combination of obesity and diabetes. So, like a prophecy, I wrote that until 2017, it wasn't that popular. When Lilly Novo's stock didn't rise much, I somehow wrote that it seemed like it would rise. I wrote in the commentary about the future Gangnam land prices.

I was going to do something similar, but that was a big mistake. I should have bought stocks, but I didn't buy any stocks at all. Because even though I write comments, I believe in it, the world doesn't go as I want. So, I submitted my thesis. The reason I wrote comments is that I felt something when I experimented. When you combine GPEL with GP bound, there is a lot of controversy about whether it increases or decreases appetite. Seven years ago, I submitted that thesis and presented it at an international conference poster session. In the end, the content of the thesis was about the amount of food intake on the left side below. When written separately, it doesn't increase appetite, but when combined, it significantly increases appetite or reduces eating, something like that. But when I presented it, someone next to me said, Hey, your research is strange. GP actually increases appetite.

If you develop it with GP medicine, it will fail, so it's very confusing, and it doesn't seem to work well. Academia attacks me like this, saying it won't work well, and because of the cocktail effect, they say it won't work. So, I thought the paper would do well because I'm dating it, didn't buy any stocks, and just submitted the paper, saying it will definitely work well as the main point. I discarded it, but Lily kept going. So, that's the tricky part, that's the quick part. This is more amazing. So, there is a history like this, but at this timing, I said I didn't know the background. It doesn't mean there are no papers. There are some papers that are a bit confusing and not easily believed. So, the picture is a bit complicated, but at the bottom left, the phase comes out, and it goes straight in blue. Where does it go? Yes, yes. Where does it go? There is the brain right now, the middle, and the bottom.

Yes, so at the bottom of the award ceremony, there's the Integrated Commander Center, which is hungry, and below that, there's something written NTS ap in blue, which is where the brain stem is. The brain stem is the command center. So, when toxins enter the body, it stops there, you know, that's what the command center does. And below that, now there's a green line, which is the peripheral nerve. So, in general, there are three things: the brain, the peripheral nerve. But even within the brain, in the middle of the pituitary gland, or under the tail of the brainstem, is the medulla center or the hunger center. So, this is experimental data distributed by a pharmaceutical company. It's about the brain of a mouse being transparentized. The upper part is the nose area, and the lower part is the tail area of the brain. So, it's like looking at the brain inside. There are many areas, and it's written as the pituitary. There's a large purple one, and one at the back, near the brainstem.

You know, there is objective evidence that the area where the medicine arrives is the ventral tegmental area, and the part on the right is where the brain is activated deeply. So, when the medicine arrives, there are two places, Incheon Port and Busan Port, where many ships come. But something also changes in Seoul and Daejeon. I'm observing these things. These are indirect pieces of evidence. Which one is real, the two mentioned are the main candidates. While researching this for years, I also injected drugs into people and studied which part of the brain lights up. You might see a bit of that yellow area in the ventral tegmental area of the brain. It twinkled in the middle of the brain. So, based on this, I decided to focus more on the ventral tegmental area.

Our research has two significances. One is the mechanism of the medicine, and the other is the mysterious discovery of nature. Among them, one is now the cognitive satiation phenomenon while eating fried food. Yes, the experience of feeling full while eating fried food. Does this phenomenon really exist? Some people are talking about it. Can predictions be fulfilled just by talking about it? Yesterday, I found it, but I didn't know because I was studying. Many people have been doing this for a long time. Yes, yes. At that time, my wife told me that she is already doing it too. Like this, last year, articles came out. Yes, in scientific articles, an article in Chosun Ilbo came out, so looking at it, just by talking about it, feeling full, it is the same as actually eating. This kind of thing came out. By looking at food photos for just 30 minutes, you can feel full even without eating. Someone wrote the article better. They didn't just write the article based on imagination, but it was a research paper.

It's on the right. That is now going to be published in a scholarly journal. But the title of the scholarly journal is Desire. There is a scholarly journal called Epitai, which is a journal that I really like. It's a scholarly journal that only studies our appetite. The paper that came out there, the paper is really funny and interesting. The title is Imagined Eating. Imagining, imagining, food intake, food intake, yes, yes. So the experimental method is a picture of M&D chocolate. Oh, looking at that, I ate it. I ate it, I ate it, I ate it, I ate it, I ate it, I ate it, I ate it, 30 times. Hmm, it's like being hypnotized, right? That's right. Oh, it's like self-hypnosis. After doing that, you feel like eating a few more. Yes, then you want to eat less. Oh, it's a very simple study, but you published a good paper on it. Oh, really? Oh, that's possible. Oh, this is another thing that I

When explaining, in driving, you write about stepping on the brake at the stop line. You should start stepping on the brake long before the stop line. Right? If you step on it from the stop line, you will pass it. That's why, just like all animals, if you have something to do, you should step on the brake before completing the task. Next, the graph on the left, just imagining insulin, even just looking at it, can make it come out. There was a theory like that. There was such a background. But around this time, earlier, as I mentioned the DMH brain region, California, there was a paper suggesting that it could be related to satiety. Someone had published it eight years ago in 2016. The group at Harvard conducted good research there. The one on the left drew brain circuits. It connected two brain regions. The right picture is.

It's the moment when Young-e is eating again. Oh, but about 5 seconds before eating, something starts to rise. Yes, even before eating. What this does is that it predicts fullness. Just predicting eating makes it rise. I discovered this and wrote a paper like this. This is the background. So, I illustrated it more theoretically and circuitously. On the left is what people usually think of as feedback - what you did, what you should do. It explains that if you are hungry, you should stop eating. This is the explanation on the left. However, with just this, animals cannot be healthy. It is more appropriate on the right. So, the upper right part, when the eyes see a hamburger, the DMH brain will soon eat the hamburger. Then, this AGRP hunger nerve should first inhibit proactively. You need to put on a proactive brake. Oh, earlier I

In theory, as it was mentioned that the Unified Theory of Rum is similar to the Unified Theory, I also submitted something that I think will work in a similar way. The same Harvard group also published their interpretation. Once again, there was a flow of thinking that seemed to have a lot of predictive background. However, this not only relates to hunger but is also well-known for thirst. It also talks about salt, and the metaphor of being thirsty is well explained. Being very thirsty means that the blood is too concentrated and needs to be diluted. You need to dilute it, but it takes a long time for the water to dilute when you drink it. In fact, you have to swallow it, let it go into your stomach, right? Yes, but if you stop drinking after the blood has diluted, you end up drinking too much water. Oh, I see. If you rinse your mouth with cold water, then.

I don't feel refreshed at the moment. Thirst is relieved a bit at that moment, right? So, some people spit out the water when they put it in their mouths. Even for patients who shouldn't drink water, they put cold things in their mouths or rinse their mouths with water. So, it tricks the brain. When you say you'll drink, the brain goes, Oh, you're going to drink, but then you end up not drinking. So, you won't get more thirsty. That's why our research question was whether reducing thirst would increase cognitive satiety. We had a feeling that reducing thirst would increase cognitive satiety, so we wanted to scientifically prove it. There was such a thing for people. And the second question is, if increasing cognitive satiety, which part of the brain is it? It's the hypothalamus, right? It's not the hypothalamus itself, but the peripheral part near the hypothalamus. Among the hypothalamus, the dmh area that was mentioned earlier in the background seems to be good for some reason. That's the idea. What is the brown thing at the bottom left?

I think it's chicken, chicken. Hey, there was a clinical trial giving out chicken. After eating chicken, they appeared on a science magazine, right? But, you see the picture up there, it's a chicken survey sheet. At first, they asked, How full are you after eating in an empty room without chicken? It wasn't just one question, but several similar questions. Eventually, to find out how full you are, they ask, How full are you now? If it's a 10-point scale, and you say 10 points, that's the fullest. What's the fullest, right? Maybe 7 points. Oh, a bit full. Add a bit more. When people get a bit full, they might say they are full at 2 points. Then they bring the chicken. They make you see so much chicken right in front of you. Then they ask again, How full are you now? Oh, my sister is here, so I feel like eating more. Both of these work together, making you want to eat more. Or,

If you smell chicken too much, you might feel a bit nauseous, and this is a situation where it's fighting. Oh, but when you taste it and give it a score, the score will definitely decrease. Usually, when you really have a strong smell, unless you have an iron stomach, it seems like you'll go down, right? So, after that, the most creative experiment is to chew. How many points do you like to chew chicken? Don't swallow, keep tasting it. If you don't swallow too much, you can keep feeling the taste. Right, that's the exact point of this experiment. Because if you swallow it, you won't be able to distinguish if you feel full from swallowing or from savoring. Oh, yes, yes. So, what we came up with is that you don't have to swallow. So, while chewing the chicken, savor it, but never swallow it. Yes, never swallow it. And savor it a lot. Let's go over the survey again, and then swallow.

Next, finally, now that I'm full and satisfied, I'll measure it again at the end. Usually, we measure only the beginning and the end, but this time I measured the middle. There's plenty of time to say hello. It was a slow but cool scientific lab meeting. Thank you, professors. Thank you. Ah.

비만치료제 위고비, 삭센다는 과연 효과가 있을까? 비만치료제의 효과와 원리, 그리고 배고픔 배부름의 과학! (서울대학교 의과대학 최형진 교수 2)

과학의 대중화를 위해 박사급 아재들이 직접 만든, 
될 과학 “안될 과학” 다 만드는 본격 과학 채널

안될과학과 함께 세상을 바꿀 과학자 및 과학기술 분야 전문가+덕후분들을 항상 기다립니다.
과학의 경이로움을 보여주실 수 있는 본인의 연구분야나 전문적인 지식이 있다면,
아래 메일주소로 내용을 보내주세요! 협업 절차에 대해 안내해드리겠습니다. (원고료 지급)

*안될과학 콘텐츠 카테고리
[1] 랩미팅 : 매주 화요일, 목요일 밤 10시 라이브로 진행되는 역수직 과학 토크쇼 (카페 공지 일정 참고) 
[2] 긴급과학 : 하나의 주제에 대하여 방대한 자료와 함께 빠르게, 깊이있게
[3] 초긴급과학 : 긴급과학보다 시의성이 있는 최신 주제를 더 긴급하게
[4] 언박싱사이언스 : 초최신 과학 논문을 언박싱하여 쉽게 설명
[5] 과학자열전 : 과학자의 잘 알려지지 않은 삶과 그들의 업적
[6] 안될과학TMI : 일상의 궁금증을 과학적으로 풀어내는 콘텐츠
[7] 떠날과학 : 직접 현장으로 떠나 전하는 과학 이야기 
[8] 랩무비 : 영화 안의 과학을 다룹니다. 단, 억과주의! 
[9] 게임속과학 : 게임인가요? 과학인가요? 게임속과학
[10] 과학적리뷰 : 무엇이든 과학적으로 리뷰합니다!
[11] 긴급홍보 : 과학관련 주제를 굉장히 빠르게 홍보
[12] 카테고리 없어도 결국 과학과학, 과학은 사랑입니다♡

- 쉬는 중 -
[-] 브이로그 : 일상 콘텐츠. 아재들에 맞지 않는 것 같아 한편 만들고 잠시 중단 
[-] 안될실험 : 과학적인 설명이 가미된 과학 실험 꽁트 콘텐츠. 잘 만들진 않음 

※ 협업 및 비즈니스 문의 : MoreScience2018@gmail.com


비만치료제 위고비, 삭센다는 과연 효과가 있을까? 비만치료제의 효과와 원리, 그리고 배고픔 배부름의 과학! (서울대학교 의과대학 최형진 교수 2)

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