Tax Policy Debate: Exempting Tips and Economic Implications

The tax exemption on tips may benefit employers more than workers, risking fairness among low-wage earners.

### Tax Breaks on Tips: Economic Implications and Political Motivations
* 💼  Former President Donald Trump and Vice President Kamala Harris are both advocating for the **elimination of taxes on tips** for service and hospitality workers, a move that has **raised eyebrows among economic experts**.
* 📉  Experts warn that this policy could **disproportionately benefit employers rather than workers**, potentially **increasing the federal budget deficit** and **perpetuating a culture of tipping**.
* 💵  Currently, tips are classified as income and are subject to various taxes, but the Harris campaign proposes to **only exempt tips from income tax**, which could **cost about $150 billion over a decade**.
* 👥  This tax policy is particularly targeted at Nevada, a swing state with a **high concentration of tipped workers**, yet it would only benefit about **3% of the US workforce**, or roughly **4 million individuals**.
* ⚖️  Economists argue that the policy creates **unfair tax imbalances**, as it would favor certain tipped workers over others, such as delivery drivers, creating **inconsistencies in tax benefits**.
* 📊  The proposal may inadvertently **subsidize low wages for tipped workers**, reducing employers' incentive to **raise wages** and shifting the financial burden onto **customers**.
* 🚫  Critics also express concern that this tax break could encourage a tipping culture, which many Americans view negatively, with **35% believing it has become excessive**.
* 📜  Despite these concerns, the idea is gaining traction in Congress, with legislation expected to be introduced soon, indicating a **growing bipartisan interest** in the topic.

We are going to not charge taxes on tips for people making tips and eliminate taxes on tips for service and hospitality workers. Former President Donald Trump and Vice President Kamala Harris are both campaigning on this idea of cutting taxes on tips, which many policy experts say violates some pretty basic principles of economic theory and some pretty basic principles of tax policy. I think it'd be really hard-pressed to find a professional economist who would say that this policy is well-designed. Experts warn this policy could help employers more than workers, increase the federal budget deficit, and even accelerate tipping culture. Here's why: right now, tips are treated as income and are subject to federal income, state, and payroll taxes. Income taxes are what we think of as your taxes, the federal tax return, the 1040s. Payroll taxes go toward Social Security and Medicare. The Trump campaign hasn't released the details of its plan yet. The Harris campaign says its policy would only exempt tips from income tax. This could be, you know, $150 billion over a decade, which is not the largest tax break.

out there. There's certainly plenty of other things that are just as large, but you know we're in a situation where the US is running regular deficits these days, and there's a lot of concern about the country's fiscal future. Both candidates are pushing this tax policy to try to win Nevada, a swing state with the highest concentration of tipped workers. When I'm president, you are the ones I will be fighting for, and I'll be fighting for you very hard every single day. But this policy would only be available to about 3% of the US workforce, or roughly 4 million people, and not even everyone in that 3% would actually benefit because more than a third of tipped workers earn so little that they already don't pay federal income taxes. The standard deduction is the amount of money that you can make without having to pay any taxes at all. For 2024, it's $14,600 for an individual and $29,800 for a married couple. Tipped workers are also more likely to be teenagers and young adults under 25.

think a lot of people rightly feel a lot of sympathy and support for people who work in what are, you know, hard, you know, grueling jobs in the service industries. The problem is the policy and practice. It won't achieve what I think we would like it to. One of the issues economists have with the policy is that it would create unfair imbalances among low-wage workers. One of the ways to make taxes fair is to make sure that people of the same income level are paying approximately the same amount of taxes, and in this case, you really wouldn't be doing that. So, for example, if you took a delivery worker who delivered food, they probably get tips, and so they would qualify for this tax benefit. If you took a delivery worker who delivered packages, they usually don't, so they wouldn't get a tax benefit. But I can't think of a good reason why you would want to give a tax break to the person who delivers food but not to the person who delivers mail. Tipped workers represent a small percentage of those earning hourly wages.

so the majority of low-wage workers wouldn't benefit from this tax cut. Some experts say employers would actually stand to gain the most from this policy. Right now, employers are required by law to pay tipped workers $2.13 an hour in wages, but if workers don't earn enough in tips to get them to the federal minimum wage of $7.25 an hour, the employer has to pay the difference. This would basically be a subsidy for that part of tipped workers' income. If you create this subsidy, what you do is reduce the pressure to raise wages. It would push more of the responsibility for paying people for the work they do onto the customers directly rather than the employers who are supposed to be footing those bills. This leads to another concern that it would result in a culture of even more tipping. According to a Bankrate survey, many Americans view tipping negatively, and 35% think tipping culture has gotten out of control. Many policy experts worry this tax break would incentivize other industries to adopt a tipped model when

you give someone a tax break for something you're really encouraging that uh that part of the economy right and as a rule. I don't think we really want to encourage people's wages to be based on things like tips. There's so many ways that we could be helping people in the service industry and this seems more like a sound bite. No tax on tips. Do we like that? There's also some concern among economists that higher income professionals like hedge fund managers and lawyers could structure their compensation in ways to try to take advantage of this tax break. The Harris campaign says its policy would include income limits to avoid these types of abuses. The Trump campaign hasn't said if its plan will include these types of guard rails. Despite these red flags, this idea is gaining momentum in Congress. I intend this coming week to introduce legislation exempting tips from federal income tax. Senator Ted Cruz's bill has no income cut off and would provide a 100% deduction on federal income taxes for any earnings from tips. I certainly

wouldn't expect this legislation to pass. Standalone, I think you might see it slip into a larger tax bill, and one of those is going to be on the table. Until a couple of months ago, this was a very low-profile idea, not something that candidates or lawmakers were really talking about. But now that you've got Vice President Harris and Donald Trump talking about it, it's got that kind of bipartisan agreement that will push this forward. They'll put it on the table in some way in 2025. It's maybe not the most, you know, pristine, academically grounded kind of policy, but it's a campaign.

Why ‘No Tax on Tips’ Is a Bad Idea, According to Economists | WSJ

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Tax Exemption on Tips for Service Workers

Both Donald Trump and Kamala Harris are campaigning to eliminate taxes on tips for service and hospitality workers, a move criticized by policy experts.

The proposed policy could benefit employers more than workers, increase the federal budget deficit, and accelerate the tipping culture.

The tax exemption would only apply to about 3% of the US workforce, with many tipped workers already earning too little to pay federal income taxes.

The Flaws of Tax Benefits for Tipped Workers

The proposed tax benefits for tipped workers could create unfair imbalances among low-wage workers, as not all would qualify for the same support.

The policy may inadvertently subsidize employers' wages for tipped workers, reducing the pressure to raise wages and shifting the responsibility for payment onto customers.

Additionally, the tax break could perpetuate and worsen the culture of tipping, which many Americans already view negatively.

Tax Breaks for Tips: A Controversial Proposal

The idea of exempting tips from federal income tax is gaining momentum in Congress, with some lawmakers arguing it could help the service industry.

However, there are concerns that higher-income professionals could exploit the tax break.

The Harris campaign plans to include income limits to prevent abuse, while the Trump campaign has not clarified its approach.

Potential Impact of Bipartisan Support for Legislation

The legislation in question is not expected to pass standalone but may be included in a larger tax bill.

Its profile has risen recently due to discussions by Vice President Harris and Donald Trump, creating bipartisan agreement.

The legislation is likely to be pushed forward and featured in some way in 2025.