Rethinking the Foundations of Science: The Origins and Challenges

The foundation of science stems from the human desire to fill a void, leading to the origins of science and the evolution of knowledge.

### The Anthropological, Epistemological, and Metaphysical Foundations of Science
* 🌌 The common ground of science is the "**anguish of the void**," a deep human feeling that the world and individuals are incomplete, leading to a **desire to complete and give meaning to existence**.
* 🧠 Human beings are distinguished not by physical complexity, but by their **frustration and neoteny**, feeling weak and incomplete, which drives them to **seek knowledge and go beyond their immediate environment**.
* 🎭 The anthropological origin of science is the **desire to be more than what one seems**, to **complete oneself and the world**, which is related to the **ego and the feeling of incompleteness**.
* 🔮 The epistemological foundation of science is the **search for truth beyond appearances**, the idea of **determinism**, and the development of **theoretical models to explain the world**.
* 🌠 The first form of science, symbolic correlationism (e.g., astrology), gives meaning to everything through **symbolic correlations**, working with **open systems of interpretation**.
* 📚 The second form of science, theoretical model-building (e.g., Greek science), focuses on finding **coherent perspectives and causal relations**, isolating variables to build **efficient machines**.
* 🧟 The third form of science, "zombie science," occurs when theoretical models are transformed into ideologies that claim to explain everything, leading to **totalism and potentially dangerous applications** (e.g., social Darwinism).
* 🔮 Popper's concept of totalism is when a scientific perspective claims to be the "**truth of the universe**," no longer just a point of view.

### The Evolution of Science: From Totalism to Zombie Science and the AI Paradigm Shift
* 🔬 The speaker discusses the concept of "**totalism**" in science, where the belief that getting closer to the smallest parts of a system brings us closer to truth can lead to **totalitarian thinking**.
* 🧠 Karl Popper's principle of refutability is presented as a "**medicine**" against totalism, where a theory must be considered true only when it is **refuted**.
* 🧟 The term "zombie science" is introduced to describe a new phenomenon where AI systems make **accurate predictions based on correlations** without a clear understanding of the **underlying reasons**.
* 🏛 The speaker argues that zombie science poses a significant epistemological risk, as it can lead to **totalism and even totalitarianism** without a clear theoretical foundation.
* 🤖 The advent of artificial intelligence is presented as a paradigm shift in science, challenging the traditional view of human intelligence as **problem-solving superiority**.
* 🔮 The speaker suggests that AI's increasing complexity and efficiency should not be seen as a threat to human uniqueness, but rather an opportunity to **redefine what it means to be human**.
* 🌌 The discussion touches on metaphysical foundations of science, contrasting the "**digital paradigm**" (world as information) with the "**quantum paradigm**" (world as uncertain and relational).
* 🌐 The speaker emphasizes the importance of **embracing uncertainty and complexity** in our understanding of the world, rather than **reducing everything to data and information**.

"We Have Never Experienced ANYTHING Like This Before!" | Philosopher Raphaël Liogier

Curt Jaimungal

Rethinking the Foundations of Science: A Controversial Stance

Professor Raphael Liogier explores the anthropological, epistemological, and metaphysical foundations of science, suggesting that the feeling of incompleteness is the origin of scientific inquiry.

He challenges the idea that the complexity of the human brain is what distinguishes humans from animals, proposing that it is actually the feeling of frustration and weakness that drives humans to seek knowledge and meaning.

This sense of weakness, stemming from being born prematurely and therefore physically weak, has led to a complex social structure and a desire in humans to be more than just survivors, but to truly live.

The Anthropological and Epistemological Basis of Science

Talking to oneself in the second person is a way of completing one's own thoughts and is related to the human need to go beyond oneself.

This feeling of incompleteness and the projection of problems are the anthropological origin of science, leading to the creation of obstacles and the pursuit of truth.

The first scientific idea is determinism, leading to the study of astrology and astronomy as a way for human beings to understand and determine their fate based on symbolic correlations in the sky.

This symbolic correlationism is the initial approach to filling the gap and giving meaning to the world, driven by the human need to go beyond appearances and seek the real truth.

The Meaning and Interpretation of Astrology

Astrology is based on the belief that everything has a meaning and is open to interpretation, with the position of celestial objects at the time of birth believed to have a significant effect.

The truth in astrology is questioned, along with the methodology of obtaining this truth, especially by hard scientists.

The practice is seen as a symbolic correlationism, open to interpretation and constantly evolving, which makes it a different kind of knowledge from traditional theoretical frameworks.

The Origin of Theoretical Thinking in Ancient Greece

Theoretical thinking, or "theoria" in Greek, began in ancient Greece as a way to create coherent perspectives based on observation and cause-and-effect relationships.

The process of theoretical thinking led to paradigm shifts in scientific knowledge, requiring the rebuilding of theories from scratch for a more coherent understanding.

While theoretical thinking led to increased efficiency and the accumulation of knowledge, it also resulted in a loss of time due to the need to constantly rebuild and find more coherent explanations.

The Transformation of Theoretical Perspectives into Ideologies

Knowledge accumulation leads to the transformation of theoretical models into ideologies grounded in science.

This transformation occurs when a successful theory is believed to be universally applicable, leading to totalism.

Totalism is the belief that a single perspective represents the entire truth, a concept that Karl Popper discussed in the context of science and ideology.

The belief that getting closer to the smallest part of a thing brings absolute truth is flawed, as it disregards different perspectives.

Karl Popper's principle of refutability was introduced to combat this totalistic mindset in science.

The concept of "zombie science" in artificial intelligence reflects a focus on correlations without a symbolic background or theoretical coherence.

The Impact of the Internet on Correlative Data and Science

The internet provides access to a vast amount of real-time data, leading to the use of correlative data in fields like medicine and science.

This use of correlative data, driven by artificial intelligence, has led to increased efficiency but a lack of understanding of the underlying reasons and coherence.

Zombie science, built on correlations without a theoretical basis, is becoming more totalistic and is difficult to fight against, leading to a potential for zombie totalitarianism on a global scale.

The Epistemological Risk of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence poses a risk to the metaphysical foundation of human science and intelligence, challenging the concept of human complexity and problem-solving.

The development of AI has led to a realization that machines are becoming more efficient at solving problems, causing a sense of unease and a feeling of being surpassed.

However, the uniqueness of human beings lies in their ability to create problems and obstacles that are beyond the reach of machines, driven by a sense of void and the desire to overcome challenges.

The Concept of Progress and the Battle Between Digital and Quantum Paradigms

The concept of progress is about the human tendency to go beyond and find meaning in the chaos and openness of the universe.

There is a metaphysical fight between the digital paradigm, which sees the universe as information and data, and the quantum paradigm, which embraces the void and uncertainty.

The idea that the world is purely made of information is paradoxical and absurd, as information is only a trace of something else and cannot represent the totality of existence.

The Significance of Relations in Process Philosophy

The process philosophy emphasizes the impact of relations on things, rather than their specific borders and separations.

It highlights the dynamic nature of relations, which is related to infinity and cannot be fully grasped.

The philosophy encourages exploring reality through paradoxes and the limits of perception, rather than relying solely on practical utility.