When chronic ailments in our daily lives feel suffocating like a sweet potato, being with this person feels as refreshing as drinking a glass of soda. So, everyone, let's solve today's health concerns together, as if we were enjoying a cool glass of soda. Raise your hands and say, Great! Now, today's topic is athlete's foot. It's really interesting that many women have athlete's foot. You know, when wearing stockings, they don't absorb moisture at all. So first, let's talk about what athlete's foot is, what its essence is, and why it occurs. 

There are three types of fungi that eat away at us humans. The first one is the famous virus, COVID-19, which falls into one category. What do you think the second one is? Bacteria. And the third one is fungus. These three directly enter our bodies and live by devouring what they want.

In recent times, instead of talking about chemical substances or external factors, we should focus on how living organisms, such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi, attack us humans. Among these, the smallest are viruses, followed by bacteria, and then fungi, which can be seen with the naked eye. Fungi are visible to us, while bacteria cannot be seen no matter what we do. Even when the coronavirus caused chaos, we couldn't see it. However, fungi are visible. There are fungi that specifically parasitize the skin, known as dermatophytes. These fungi can only thrive where there is keratin, as they feed on and consume it. The areas with the thickest keratin are the soles of our feet, which is why foot fungal infections are the most common.

They can develop on the hands as well. What kind of fungus might develop there? For those with a lot of calluses or who use their hands a lot, what kind of environment does mold prefer? Ah, it thrives in warm and humid conditions. In summer, mold grows on walls, and when water seeps into wallpaper, it doesn't dry out in winter. Our skin is the same; mold can live on it too. For mold to thrive, three conditions must be met: first, there must be something to eat, like keratin; second, the temperature must be suitable; and third, there must be humidity. So, in warm and humid conditions with a lot of keratin, like on the soles of the feet, athlete's foot can develop. When it becomes infected with mold, the first area affected is usually the soles of the feet. Now, what types of fungi can develop on the feet?

발에 생기는 증상 세 가지가 있어요. 그다음에 제일 흔한 게 뭐냐면 지간형인데, 발가락 사이사이에 생기는 것입니다. 특히 세 번째 발가락 사이가 제일 심하고, 여기에는 잘 생기지 않아요. 이 부분은 약간 떨어져 있어서 그렇죠. 그래서 여기가 제일 잘 생기고, 두 번째는 각화형으로, 이렇게 두껍게 각질이 두터워지는 형태입니다. 주로 발뒤꿈치에 생기는데, 허약해지거나 갈라지기도 잘 해요. 또 여성분들이 발뒤꿈치를 돌로 마찰하는 경우도 있죠. 그래서 발뒤꿈치가 두터워지는 요인은 정말 많아요. 아토피가 있는 사람도 두터워지고, 나이가 들어서 여성들이 폐경 전후가 되면 더 두터워져요. 원래 그냥 생기기도 하죠.

Now, it's a weight-bearing site, so the weight is distributed here. If you look at the thick calluses on the little toe and the big toe, this is where the weight is placed. The concave areas here don’t have much callus, and calluses don’t form easily there. However, oddly enough, vesicular tinea often appears in the concave areas between the toes. There are three types: the first is interdigital type, the second is hyperkeratotic type with thickened calluses, and the third is vesicular type. The vesicular type also tends to appear here. So, when something develops on the sole of the foot, we first examine this area. We look at these specific spots to diagnose the condition. Is it possible for someone to have all three types? Usually, two or more types can coexist. There are methods to categorize them, and we can also classify them based on the type of fungi involved.

There are several types of fungi, such as Trichophyton rubrum and Candida, that are prone to causing infections in the skin. However, this is a medically relevant issue, and the medications used in clinical practice are the same. All three types of antifungal medications are identical. Antifungal agents began to be developed in the 1980s. The reason why treating athlete's foot is challenging is that the fungus causing it resembles human cells. When the antifungal is administered, it can also affect human cells. Therefore, developing these medications is difficult. If the differences between the fungus and human cells were more pronounced, we could target only those differences. It has been challenging to create effective drugs, but now good medications have been developed that specifically kill the fungi.

Living human cells do not attack; such medicinal substances began to emerge in various forms starting from the 1980s. So, when using one type of medication, there are different forms like the keratotic type, the vesicular type, and so on. Are they all just similar, or is there some variation in their treatment? The treatment for hyperkeratosis is the hardest. It doesn't work well because it is thick and deeply embedded. Even when applying medication, it doesn't penetrate effectively. In cases of hyperkeratosis, there are times when oral medications are used. The most common issue is when the skin between the toes cracks slightly, and the keratin peels off. If treated with medication, it can be completely cleared up within six months. Six months may seem like a long time. Some people say that after two weeks of treatment, the condition is almost gone. However, that is not the case. Underneath, we have our keratin.

The soles of the feet can get thick. The visible part improves significantly. And I don't apply it directly because it's bothersome. Then the underlying issues start to resurface, and it becomes a recurring problem. No, it's because the patient isn't diligently undergoing treatment. That's why I prescribe a lot of medication without limits. Just think of it as applying a nourishing cream to the soles of your feet and apply it. Even if it looks like everything is fine, it's better to consistently apply it for about six months. Here, you need to apply it for a year. Oh, I see. It really needs to be applied for a long time. What if it's bothersome? There are oral medications available too. Oh, the oral medications aren't a big problem. In the past, they had liver toxicity, but nowadays, there are many medications without liver toxicity. For example, there are medications that you take once a week.

There are medications available, and some of them are taken daily. However, there is still a bit of risk, especially for older individuals. I recommend applying the medication. You can apply it to your face as well; when you do, please apply it here too. Right? Also, in the case of women, some may develop toenail fungus, which can appear on the soles of the feet. If it has developed, it won't just stay there; this is a mass of dead skin. However, the properties of this area and that area are a bit different, aren't they? They are the same, yes. So, it climbs up from the bottom, creeping up and burrowing under the toenail. I haven't seen it often, but when toenail fungus develops, it thickens. There are various shapes it can take, and it can change color as well. In cases of discoloration, it thickens and then...

There are cases where it doesn't go in and instead sits on the surface, and it can turn white and peel off. Yes, generally, if someone has toenail fungus, they will naturally have it on the soles of their feet as well. It's rare for it to start on the toenails first. This is because, from a sterile perspective, it's easier for the fungus to enter and settle quickly in the softer areas. The toenails are thick, making it difficult for the fungus to penetrate. So, there isn’t a quick way for it to only attack the toenails. The same fungus is what burrows in. Everything is connected in that way. It first attacks where it is most comfortable, and from there, it expands and digs in deeper. As for toenail fungus, the same medication is used. The issue is that it can be difficult to apply the medication properly underneath.

There isn't any, even though I applied it above; the medication needs to penetrate. But you see, toenails and fingernails are quite thick, right? A medication with very high permeability has come out. If you apply it once, it will penetrate deeply. It's comfortable; that is much more convenient. However, the medication is expensive. All pharmaceutical companies charge a lot for good products. Anyway, complete recovery from toenail fungus is possible. If you apply the medication, it usually heals within a year to a year and a half. If you consider oral medication, you would need to take it for about 9 months to a year. It's not that complicated. The treatment is very effective, but with toenail fungus, applying and taking the medication can be quite bothersome. There is also laser treatment. The characteristic of the fungus is that it dies when the temperature rises. So, it dies at a temperature lower than that which would kill living cells.

Ah, I understand. Yes, that's great. If we apply the laser to the toenails or fingernails, when I start to feel a slight warmth, the fungus will die. So, how long does the treatment need to continue? If we do it about two or three times a week while applying medication, the treatment period can be significantly shortened. The world has improved a lot. 

This fungus usually occurs on the feet, but it can also appear in other areas. So, where on our skin is there a high concentration of fungus? Not just on the feet, but also on the hands. The hands are exposed, making it hard for moisture to accumulate. Except for people who wear gloves for a long time or those who work with water, in general cases, it tends to occur in individuals with diabetes, cancer patients, or those with weakened immune systems. Fungi can exist anywhere on our bodies.

There is everything, but I need to be healthy. If I am healthy, I can kill all the mold that comes in. However, if my body weakens, I can't suppress the mold. It starts to accumulate in my body. In places where the skin is warm and moist, such as the armpits, it tends to grow well. For women, it often occurs in the bikini area. That's where it can develop into athlete's foot. The mold on the feet is the same kind of fungus. They all belong to the same family; they thrive in warm, moist environments with dead skin. This is why men often develop it in the perineum or the groin area. For women, it occurs in different places. Men have scrotums, which serve a specific purpose. The scrotum produces sperm; it creates semen and then sperm. For sperm to be healthy, the temperature needs to be 1.5 to 2 degrees lower than body temperature.

At 36.5 degrees, healthy sperm is produced at temperatures of 35 degrees and 34.5 degrees. To lower the temperature in the scrotum, what should be done? There needs to be a lot of sweating. When you sweat, your body temperature drops. Therefore, the scrotum should always be moist. If the scrotum is completely dry, it means that healthy sperm is not being produced, indicating that semen is not being produced properly. 

So, the male testicles are located outside the body. Where are women's ovaries? They are inside, in the abdomen. Healthy eggs are produced at 36.5 degrees. This is why their positions are different. Therefore, it is important to keep the area a bit moist to ensure good ventilation, which helps lower the temperature of the scrotum by about 1.5 degrees. This allows for better semen production and the creation of strong sperm, which facilitates conception. Nowadays, what are men wearing?

What should I wear? Oh, right, what should a woman wear? Yes, men wear tight-fitting briefs. I don't know who they're trying to show off to, but when you wear something that tight, it doesn't allow for ventilation. It gets humid down there. If it’s humid, well, the skin on a man's scrotum is thin, and it’s the same for women’s vulvas; it's very thin. So, fungi can't grow there because there's no nourishment. But in the groin area, the skin is thicker. Sweat doesn't stay in the scrotum, but if sweat accumulates in the groin, it becomes damp. If you wear tight underwear, what do you think will happen? It’s uncomfortable. So, you end up sticking together, and then...

Each area develops calluses, and if you look at it, it forms a shape like this. Since the legs are like this, it creates a red boundary in this shape, while the center changes to a grayish or dark brown color, and it becomes very itchy. Oh, it seems you have quite a lot of this, huh? Yes, there is a lot. Now it’s the season when the weather starts to get warmer. Oh, really? So I advise male patients on men's health care, and this is related to tinea. Tinea is written in Chinese characters as baekseon. We need to prevent athlete's foot. What should we do? First, wear loose-fitting underwear. Hot pants are good. It may not look stylish, but then wear square-cut underwear, like boxer briefs. And the most important thing is, when you go to the bathroom, wash your hands and clean yourself after urinating.

무좀균이 하늘에 떨어져서 옷 속으로 들어가지 못해요. 그리고 무좀균은 자발적으로 생기지도 않아요. 아, 그래요? 접촉을 통해서 오는 거 아니에요? 래 있는 애가 올라오거나 하진 않아요. 얘가 어떻게 이까지 타고 올라와요? 그건 아니에요. 아, 그러니까 주로 여기 무좀균이 있는 걸 내가 만지고 선, 언제 갖다 붙여주겠냐고. 아니면 그럴 수 있어요. 자기 발을 만졌다가. 예, 그 만져야 돼요. 포자를 옮겨야 될 거 아니에요? 곰팡이 포자를 옮겨줘야 될 거 아니에요. 그 곰팡이 포자를 옮길 때가 언제냐? 손이다. 손밖에 없잖아요. 거기를 만지는 게 내 손 아니면 저기 부인의 손이고 그럴 텐데, 부인의 손은 깨끗해요. 만지는 것도 아니고, 내가 자주 만지거라. 보통 볼일 보고 나올 때 손 씻는다 생각하는데, 아니고 들어가서 볼일 보기 전에 씻고 나와요.

때 알아서, 아니 왜 그러세요? 진짜 안 해도 돼요, 정말로. 아니, 나올 때 또 씻어야죠. 그럼 손에 뭐가 생기냐? 주부습진이 생겨요. 아니, 나올 때 안 씻으면 우리가 너무 찝찝해요. 좀 그래요. 내가 씻었는지 안 씻었는지 누가 알아요? 내 거 한두 방을 묻어도 이거는 무균이에요. 아니, 그 안에서나 무균 나오면 아니잖아요. 아니요, 소변은 무균이에요. 소변에서 균이 나오면 그게 요도염이에요. 원장님, 지난 시간에 그 얘기할 때 소변은 노폐물이라고 말씀하셨잖아요. 노폐물이지만, 그거는 먹어서 독성이 있지는 않아요. 아, 그리고 묻어도 손등이 묻기 때문에 다음 분 씻을 때까지 그냥 둬도 돼요. 우리가 손등으로 뭘 먹지 않잖아요. 근데 얘를 손등에 묻었는데 나랑 손 잡으면 싫어요. 내가 싫잖아요. 뭐 잡을 일이 없는 사람들 기준으로 하는 얘기예요. 근데.

Now, for those who have girlfriends, when you go on a date, remember to wash your hands twice when entering and exiting. So, absolutely do not touch the clean genital area with dirty hands. This is important even when showering. After we wash our hair and dry it, we should dry ourselves off, but if you have a foot fungus, do not use a big towel to dry off. Many people are not aware that they have athlete's foot. If it's not severe, they can quickly notice itching, but they may not realize it if their heels have thickened. So, you need to dry your feet and also dry other areas in a proper order. Make sure to dry your feet last and thoroughly. Additionally, when you visit public bathhouses, remember that both people with and without athlete's foot walk on the same floor.

They don't prohibit it, so after thoroughly cleaning everything, when I come out, I must wear my personal socks and put on my shoes personally. I have to bring a towel with me, and before putting on my socks at the entrance, I need to wipe my feet clean with the towel. Then I can put on my socks. Otherwise, the floor is covered with athlete's foot fungus. Many people experience this, which is why there are many home remedies.

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