Just explain the basics of the EU ruling in Apple's case. Hi. Yeah. The case relates to tax Apple's tax that was paid in Ireland back in the 1990 and early 2000. Under the ruling today, the European court ruled that Apple didn't hadn't paid enough tax and that Ireland had granted Apple state aid in relation to its presence in Ireland. So that tax will now need to be paid in Ireland. Just remind us more broadly of Ireland's view on taxes of old and why it is embroiled in this way with Apple. Well, back in the early 1990s, Ireland had wanted to make itself an attractive place for foreign direct investment, and it had a lower corporation tax rate as part of those efforts. Since then, there was a lot of accusations at the time of Ireland that island had become a tax haven. There were some tax tax loops, essentially one in particular that was known as the Double Irish.

Those have in the past ten, 15 years, those have essentially been closed off. And Ireland is now subject to has signed up to OECD rules on global taxation, and it now has a 15% corporate corporation tax rate. So those situations have changed. But at the time, back in that this refers to a very specific period back in the 1990 and 2000.

Apple, Google Lose Multibillion Dollar EU Court Fights

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